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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is capgras syndrome?
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person believes person he knows has been replaced by a double
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Cotards syndrome?
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person believes he is dead
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what is the motivational view of delusions?
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beliefs are attemptss to deal with and relieve stress/anxiety.
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the deficit view of delusions?
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delusions result from brain dysfunction which creates disordered cognitions and perceptions.
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what is the metacognition theory of hallucinations?
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"thinking about thinking" examining your own thoughts
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paranoid
disorganized catatonic their symptoms |
paranoid=delusions/hallucinations, yet cognitive skills and affect are intact and no flat affect/disorganized speech.
*subtype: preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations without marked display of disorganized speech Disorganized= show marked disruption in speech and behavior along with flat affect or inappropriate affect. subtype*=delusions and hallucinations are present but not focused on a theme Catatonic=odd body and face mannerisms(grimacing) sometime repeat words or movements of others *subtype=negative withdrawal, automatic, repetitive/echo, and agitated/resistive |
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What is schizoaffective disorder?
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people with schizophrenia symptoms plus mood disorder symptoms
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what are erotomanic and somatic delusions?
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erotomanic=belief that someone usually of higher status loves them
somatic delusions=person feels hurt physically from condition or physical defect. |
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children who go on to develop schizophrenia display what clinical features?
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mild physical abnormalities, poor motor coordination, mild cognitive/social problems.
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what is a prodromal state and when does it occur in schizophrenia?
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1-2 years before seriuos symptoms start but there are still less severe unusual behavaiors start to show themselves.
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What were Kallman's findings regarding the severity of parent's schizophrenia and children's development of schizophrenia?
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the more severe the schizophrenia of a parent, the more likely the child will develop it.
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What does twin research show about being a "carrier" for schizophrenia?
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You can have genes that predispose you to schizo, not have it and pass the disorder on to your children.
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which gender is most likely to have enlarged ventricles? Enlargement is related to waht factors? exposure to what may result in enlarged ventricles?
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Men
age and duration of schizophrenia influenza |
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what biological interventions were used to treat schizophrenia in the past? What were the problems with these interventions?
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injecting massive doses of insulin to induce comas-carried greater risk of serious illness and death
psychosurgery (prefrontal lobotomies) and electroconvulsive therapy; found not to be beneficial for most people. |
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CBT:
How to change behavior 3 things |
change interactions w/ environment and with others
1. increase + reinforcers=pleasant activities 2. increase social skills=decrease negative interactions 3. teach mood-management skills |
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CBT
how to change cognition 4 things |
change irrational or dysfunctional thoughts that produce and maintain depression
1. help client discover negative automatic thoughts (homework: keep log of situations, thoughts) 2. Help client challenge negative thougths hypothesis testing: gather data and test (where is evidence you are interpreting situation correctly?) what are alternative explanations? (im unloveable=he is a bad boyfriend) 3. change negative, core beliefs into more reality based ones 4. therapists plays very active role: teacher/coach |
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CBT
Evaluation 2 things |
1. CBT is as affective as meds (75% marked improvement or complete remission)=fewer side effects and better at preventing relapse
2. best=meds+CBT |
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Bipolar treatment: 2 types
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Lithium: Traditional treatemtn and most common
helps up to 80% of ppl with bipolar treats primarily the manic side stabilizes seratonin, dopamine, glutamate prevents relapse side effects: toxic if too much in blood; requires blood check dulls mania-people like mania! Anticonvulsants: also tends to help mania |
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Depression medications: older and newer
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older: tricyclic drugs: risk of overdose from needing to up the dose
newer: SSRI's (seratonine), SNRI's (seratonin/norepinephrine), Wellbutrin (norepinephrine and dopamine) side effects: restlessness, insomnia, fatique, anxiety, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, vivid dreams, flu like withdrawals |
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ECT therapy
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electroconvulsive therapy
treats severe depression when drugs are ineffective small electric current produces seizure in the brain because neurons fire and release NT's. shocks<1 sec long side effects: memory loss |
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2 defining characteristics of personality disorders
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A. stable, enduring patterns of behavior, thinking and perception
B. occur across situations and lifelong |
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how do you diagnose personality disorders?
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diagnostic interivews
personality inventories |
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General criteria for personality disorders
3 things |
1. inflexible and maladaptive
2. causes significant funcitonal impairment in all areas of life 3. causes significant subjective distress (perceive self to be suffering) |
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Features (population/etc)
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1. 10-13% have atleast 1 PD.
2. over 1/2 diagnosed have 2 PD's 3. individuals rarely seek treatment, no effective treatment for most PD's. |
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DSM 3 clusters
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Cluster A: schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal
Cluster B: antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic Cluster C: Avoidant, dependent, obsessive compulsive |
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Schizoid (MC)
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robotic, asocial, apperas cold and aloof, restricted range of emotions`
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Paranoid (MC)
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mistrustful and suspicious of others, believe others lie/cheat, hostel, emotionally detached
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Schizotypal
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socially isolated, social anxiety though desire to be social, odd speech/affect, unusual beliefs, genetically like Schizophrenia but not as intense
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Anti social personality disorder
6 things |
1. pervasive disregard for the law and rights of others
2. tendency to lie,steal, unreliable 3. lack of empathy, remorse for actions 4. impulsive and entitled (liked narcissism) 5. primarily male: aggression treatment=jail, age out of behavior, meds don't work |
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causes of ASPD: genetic and environmental
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genetic:
1. impulsivity 2. cortical underarousal: seeks stimulation 3. weak behavioral inhibition system-don't stop when facing punishment environmental: 1. antisocial parents 2. deviant peers, violent community |
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Narcissistic
4 things |
1. grandiose, extremely exaggerated sense of self-importance
2. lack of empathy, needs constant admiration 3. entitled, arrogant, jealous 4. causes: spoiled? NO-everyone is in America problem is not teaching empathy. |
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Obsessive compulsive personality disorder
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OCPD:
1. fixated on things being done "the right way" rigid "my way" detail oriented 2. perfectionistic, controlling-effective for college 3. no obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors |
