Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
1. - stigma 2. - style 3. - ovary 4. - receptacle 5. - petal 6. - pedicel |
|
What type of branching does the pictured tree exhibit? |
spreading branching |
|
A typical grass flower consists of stamens, pistils, and tiny sepals. It lacks petals but it is protected by special bracts. What category is such a flower? |
incomplete flower |
|
The spice ginger comes from an underground stem of the ginger plant; new plants form as these thick stems grow horizonally. What type of special stem does the ginger plant have? |
rhizome |
|
What best explains why salt content in soil can kill plants? |
Salt pulls water out of the roots through osmosis. |
|
An apple farmer expanding his orchard cuts a dormant branch with several buds on it from a mature apple tree, cutting the branch at an angle. He then cuts off the top of an immature apple tree with good roots, leaving the trunk cut at an angle. Finally, he attatches the cut branch to the immature trunk and secures it tightly. What technique is he using? |
grafting |
|
What best explains what a strawberry is considered an aggregate fruit? |
A strawberry grows from a single flower with several pistils. |
|
What best explains why stolons are considered special stems instead of roots?
|
Stolons have nodes that can produce new roots. |
|
What statement best explains, when there is a fully developed fruit on a plant? |
An ovary has ripened. |
|
What best explains why plant fertilization is called double fertilization?
|
Two sperm cells are required for a seed to form. |
|
What best explains why the vascular cambium of a woody stem is located between the bark and the wood?
|
Vascular cambium produces xylem and phloem, which are in the wood and bark.
|
|
What best describes a woody dicot stem? |
The xylem is located toward the center of the stem. |
|
Roots that penetrate the soil deeply with relatively little branching are ____. |
taproots |
|
Wood is another name for ____ tissue? |
xylem |
|
The section of a twig between nodes is a ____. |
internode |
|
The altering patterns formed in a woody stem by disinct layers of springwood and summerwood are called ____. |
growth rings |
|
Special roots that grow from unusual regions of a plant are called ____ roots. |
adventitious |
|
In some cases, plant seedlings that recieve light from only one direction will bend toward the light; this demonstrates the tropism called ____. |
phototropism |
|
Reproductive cells, such as egg cells and sperm cells, are called ____. |
gametes |
|
The part of a seed's embryo that will develop into the root system of the new plant is the ____. |
radicle |
|
The dispersal of dandelion seeds by the wind is an example of ____ dispersal. |
agent |
|
Certain types of grass plants have flowers that develop underground and never open. Because they cannot be pollinated by other flowers, these flowers must be pollinated through the process of ____. |
self-pollination |
|
Within a root, food is stored in the _____. |
cortex |
|
A developing plant embryo is surrounded and nourished by tissue called ____. |
endosperm |
|
The older, inner wood of a stem that serves only as support for the stem is ____. |
heartwood |
|
The tiny, tubelike projections that extend from the epidermal cells of a root to asborb water and minerals are ____. |
root hairs |
|
The structures of a plant embryo that contain stored food to supply the energy needed for sprouting are the ____. |
cotyledons |
|
After pollination takes place, the first step in fertilization is the formation of a ____. |
pollen tube |
|
The type of repoduction in which sperm and egg cells unite is ____ reproduction. |
sexual |
|
consists of an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core |
pome |
|
entire fruit is fleshy and juicy throughout |
berry |
|
produced by plants of the grass family |
grain |
|
consists of a pod enclosing several seeds |
legume |
|
consists of a seed enclosed in a hard, relatively thick shell; examples include acorns |
nut |
|
What are the small openings in a stem's bark that allow air to enter the stem? |
lenticels |
|
What part of a flower covers and protects the rest of the flower during development? |
sepal |
|
What cuts a fruit from the stem? |
abscission layer |
|
What is NOT a plant hormone? |
chemotropin |
|
A young woody stem stores water in soft, thin-walled cells at its center. What is this storage region called? |
pith |
|
What is the chief factor determining when a plant flowers? |
length of day and night |
|
What is one example that is NOT one of the factors that drives the sap stream? |
secondary growth |
|
What is the primary purpose of flowers? |
seed production |
|
What is the process of a new plant growing from a root, stem, or leaf of an existing plant? |
vegetative reproduction |
|
What is the tough outer covering of a herbaceous monocot stem? |
rind |
|
What part of a flower produces pollen? |
anther |
|
What is the first step in the process of germination? |
The seed begins to absorb water. |
|
ESSAY: Contrast primary growth in the stems and roots of a woody plant. Include an explaination of how stem and root growth structures and methods of growth are well matched to the locations of stems and roots. |
Primary growth takes place at the tip of both stems and roots. Primary growth in stems occur through buds. Primary growth in roots don't involve buds and takes place at the meristematic region and region of elongation. Stems don't have to push against the resistance of soil, because they grow into the air. Buds can be exposed to the air during the growing season. Buds are exposed to weather, and are covered by protective bud scales during dormant periods, like winter, when the tree is not growing. Root tips push against the resistance of soil to grow and has to be protected by a tough, cone-shaped root cap. The root cap secretes a substance that makes it easier for the root to push through the soil. |