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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What part of the brain functions primarily to coordinate skeletal muscle activity?
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cerebellum
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What are the protective layers of tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord?
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meninges
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What are the fats that are liquid at room temperature?
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oils
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Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
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vitamin C
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What is the hollow area of a tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels?
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pulp
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What is another name for the digestive tract?
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alimentary canal
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What are fibers of a neuron that carry information toward the cell body?
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dendrites
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What are neurons that relay messages between other neurons?
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interneurons
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What type of nutrients are starches and sugars?
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carbohydrates
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What disease of the spinal cord is caused by a virus that destroys motor neurons?
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poliomyelitis
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What is the primary organ of digestion and absorption?
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small intestines
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What are the sensory structures within the ear that contribute to balance?
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semicircular canals
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The snail shaped structure of the inner ear that senses sound vibrations and generates nerve impulses is the ____.
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cochlea
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Any junction that allows an impulse to be transmitted from a nerve cell to another cell is a ____.
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synapse
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Tiny projections of the wall of the small intestine that help it absorb food are called ____.
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villi
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region of the light-sensitive layer of the eye that produces the clearest vision
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fovea
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transparent front portion of the eye
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cornea
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cell type that is responsible for color vision
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cone
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structures that produce tears
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lacrimal glands
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inner layer of the eye that detects light and produces nerve impulses
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retina
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tough, white, outer layer of the eyeball
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sclera
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An open sore in the lining of the digestive tract is an____.
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ulcer
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Bile is stored in the gallbladder but produced by the ____.
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liver
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Label each organ. |
24. liver 25. gallbladder 26. small intestine 27. pancreas 28. stomach 29. large intestine or colon |
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Personality, judgment, self-control, and voluntary movement of skeletal muscles are controlled by the _____ lobe of the brain.
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frontal
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The carbohydrate ____ cannot be digested in the human digestive system.
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cellulose
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A wave of electrical activity that transmits an impulse down a nerve is an _____.
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action potential
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This function of the stomach explains why this organ three muscle layers instead of the two muscle layers found in the rest of the digestive tract.
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The stomach mixes food with gastric juices.
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Why are taste and smell considered chemical senses?
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Taste and smell work by detecting chemical substances
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What type of nutrient should account for most of your total Calorie intake?
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carbohydrates
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What part of the eye acts like a camera's diaphragm by changing the size of the diaphragm?
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iris
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The four front teeth on each jaw which cut food are called _____.
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incisors
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This is not a division of the small intestines.
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rectum
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What is the long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals from the cell body to other nerve cells?
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axon
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What acid does the stomach produce to kill bacteria and help soften foods?
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hydrochloric acid
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What are the rhythmic waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system?
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peristalsis
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What division of the nervous system includes the cranial and spinal nerves?
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peripheral nervous system
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What is the lowest part of the brain stem, which controls breathing and heartbeat?
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medulla oblongata
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What process breaks a droplet of fat into smaller droplets?
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emulsification
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What is a defective vision caused by an asymmetrically curved cornea?
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astigmatism
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What part of the brain is primarily responsible for thought, memory, voluntary actions, thinking, and intelligence?
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cerebrum
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What is a serious injury of the nervous system caused by an internal blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain?
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stroke
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The technical name for cavities is _____.
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dental caries
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Neurons that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the body parts are _____ neurons.
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motor
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The simplest type of nerve pathway, involved in quick, automatic responses to stimuli, is a _____.
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reflex arc
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The small flap of cartilage that keeps food out of the windpipe is the ______.
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epiglottis
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Myelin-covered nerve fibers form the _____ matter.
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white
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The tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach is the ______.
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esophagus
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The structure within the limbic system that controls the physical effects of emotions is the ______.
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hypothalamus
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The _____ nerve carries sound impulses from the inner ear to the brain.
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auditory
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The building blocks of proteins are _____.
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amino acids
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Why do many body processes result in the formation of a free phosphate group?
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These processes use energy released by the breakdown of ATP.
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This best explains the relationship between the brain and the mind.
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The brain is the seat of the mind.
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This best describes the purpose of the Schwann cells
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Schwann cells speed impulses between neurons.
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This best explains why enzymes are necessary for digestion.
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Digestion requires many chemical changes.
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