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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meiosis vs Mitosis
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Meiosis (half: 46-->23 + 23)): produces haploid daughter cells with random combinations of chromosomes; potentially includes portions of both maternal and paternal origin
Mitosis (duplicate: 46-->46): produces identical chromosomal components of the parent cell |
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Spermatogonoia vs Oogonia:
Mitotic Events Meiotic Events Describe when in lifespan each occurs and differences between the two. |
Mitosis (final stage of gamete formation):
Spermatogonia occurs throughout male reproductive life Oogonia peaks during fetal life, ceases at birth! Meiosis: Occurs at beginning of gametogenesis Males: Primary to secondary spermatocytes (first meiotic division) Females: Primary to Secondary oocytes (coincides with extrusion of first polar body near ovulation) |
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Describe each step of oogenesis.
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Ovary contains primary oocyte
Oocyte undergoes Mitosis I: Yields Secondary Oocyte and First Polar Body Secondary Oocyte undergoes ovulation Yields Mature Oocyte and secondary polar body --- Primordial germ cell-->MITOSIS -->Primary Oocyte Meiosis I! HALT UNTIL PUBERTY -->Secondary Oocyte + Primary Polar Body HALTED UNTIL FERTILIZATION After fertilization: -->Meiosis II etc. |
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In males, there are 60 million to 1 billion sperm per ejaculate. How many sperm achieve proximity to the egg?
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200 sperm
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At puberty, females have about 400,000 germ cells. How many of these germ cells actually ovulate?
What happens to the remainder? |
Only 400-500 ovulate
Remainder lost through atresia or never recruited |
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How many days does it take for a spermatocyte to become motile sperm? To be transported through epididymis and ejaculatory duct?
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70 days for spermatogenesis to complete
12-21 days to reach ejaculatory duct |
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How long does it take for a primary oocyte to become a mature oocyte?
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2 weeks
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute to sperm maturation?
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Testes, epididymis
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute ascorbic acid and fructose to semen?
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Seminal Vesicles
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute amino acids, citric acids, and alkaline acid phosphates to semen?
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Prostate
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Meiosis vs Mitosis
|
Meiosis (half: 46-->23 + 23)): produces haploid daughter cells with random combinations of chromosomes; potentially includes portions of both maternal and paternal origin
Mitosis (duplicate: 46-->46): produces identical chromosomal components of the parent cell |
|
|
Spermatogonoia vs Oogonia:
Mitotic Events Meiotic Events Describe when in lifespan each occurs and differences between the two. |
Mitosis (final stage of gamete formation):
Spermatogonia occurs throughout male reproductive life Oogonia peaks during fetal life, ceases at birth! Meiosis: Occurs at beginning of gametogenesis Males: Primary to secondary spermatocytes (first meiotic division) Females: Primary to Secondary oocytes (coincides with extrusion of first polar body near ovulation) |
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Describe each step of oogenesis.
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Ovary contains primary oocyte
Oocyte undergoes Mitosis I: Yields Secondary Oocyte and First Polar Body Secondary Oocyte undergoes ovulation (AFTER FERTILIZATION) Yields Mature Oocyte and secondary polar body |
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In males, there are 60 million to 1 billion sperm per ejaculate. How many sperm achieve proximity to the egg?
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200 sperm
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At puberty, females have about 400,000 germ cells. How many of these germ cells actually ovulate?
What happens to the remainder? |
Only 400-500 ovulate
Remainder lost through atresia or never recruited |
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How many days does it take for a spermatocyte to become motile sperm? To be transported through epididymis and ejaculatory duct?
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70 days for spermatogenesis to complete
12-21 days to reach ejaculatory duct |
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How long does it take for a primary oocyte to become a mature oocyte?
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2 weeks
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute to sperm maturation?
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Testes, epididymis
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute ascorbic acid and fructose to semen?
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Seminal Vesicles
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Which parts of the male reproductive tract contribute amino acids, citric acids, and alkaline acid phosphates to semen?
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Prostate
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______ glands allow sperm survival for up to ____ hours.
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Endocervical glands allow sperm survival for up to 72 hours.
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What is sperm capacitation?
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Vagina destabilizes the sperm's membrane to prepare it for the acrosome reaction. (Makes it more ready to penetrate egg)
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How is rapid transport of sperm to the cervix achieved?
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Uterine contractions stimulated by female orgasm, oxytocin release, and semen PGs
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What are cumulus cells? Role?
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Cumulus cells surround egg and are critical for ovum pick up/handling by fallopian tube
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Describe the events of egg penetration by sperm.
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Sperm pass between granulosa cells of cumulus mass with help from hyaluronidase (acrosomal enzyme)
Reaches zona pellucia, acrosin (protease) digests pathway Sperm enters perivitelline space, gamete fusion occurs, single sperm incorporated into egg |
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What is syngamy?
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Association of maternal and paternal chromosomes (marks completion of fertilization)
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How many cells is the zygote upon reaching the isthmus?
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8
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