7Am D Gayle Urinary System

Front 1

Afferent Arteriole

Back 1

-renal artery divides several times to eventually form afferent arterioles that deliver blood to the nephrons where it is filtered.

Front 2

Collecting Duct

Back 2

-collects fluid from distal convoluted tubules via small collecting tubules
-both collecting tubules and ducts run through medulla towards renal papilla

Front 3

Destrusor muscle (of bladder)

Back 3

-smooth muscle of bladder wall

Front 4

Efferent arteriole

Back 4

-from efferent arteriole--> vasa recta/ peritubular capillaries--> renal vein--> inferior vena cava

Front 5

External urethral sphincter

Back 5

inferior to internal urethral sphincter
-formed by skeletal muscles of urogenital diaphragm
controlled voluntarily
-potty training is the process of learning to control this muscle

Front 6

Internal Urethral Sphincter

Back 6

-involuntary superior urethral sphincter
circular muscle surrounding the neck of the bladder

Front 7

Glomerulus

Back 7

-thick bundles of capillaries
-filter the blood

Front 8

Major Calyx

Back 8

transport urine to renal pelvis

Front 9

Minor Calyx

Back 9

-carry urine to major calyx

Front 10

Medullary Pyramid

Back 10

subdivision of medulla created by renal columns
there are approximately 8-15 pyramids/kidney in an adult
base of pyramid: at corticomedullary junction

Front 11

Nephron Loop

Back 11

-reabsorb water solutes
-return reabsorbed products to blood through vasa recta

Front 12

Papillary Duct

Back 12

-several collecting ducts merge to empty into papillary ducts
-open at edge of renal papilla
-release urine into minor calyx

Front 13

Peritubular Capillaries

Back 13

take blood to renal vein

Front 14

Prostatic Urethra

Back 14

-most stretchable
-extends through prostate gland (which sits below bladder)

Front 15

Renal Artery

Back 15

abdominal aorta --> renal artery--> form afferent arterioles that deliver blood to the nephrons-->
Renal vein carries blood back from the kidneys-->inferior vena cava

Front 16

Renal Column

Back 16

-extension of renal cortex into the medulla

Front 17

Renal Corpuscle

Back 17

parietal layer --outer layer
visceral layer-- inner layer
-composed of podocytes that wrap glomerulus
-Filtration slits: separation between podocytes
capsular space
-between visceral and parietal layer

Front 18

Renal cortex

Back 18

lighter, outer region (unlike medulla)

Front 19

Renal Lobe

Back 19

-medullary pyramid
-cortical region from adjacent renal columns
-cortex that is just external to base of pyramid
approximately 8-15 lobes/kidney

Front 20

Renal Medulla

Back 20

-inner region
-darker shade than renal cortex

Front 21

Renal Papilla

Back 21

-tip or apex of renal pyramid
-points towards renal sinus

Front 22

Renal Pelvis

Back 22

-large funnel shaped space
-formed by merger of all major calyces
-collect urine and transport to kidney

Front 23

Renal Sinus

Back 23

-internal space within each kidney
-Houses: renal arteries, renal veins, lymphatic vessels, nerves, renal pelvis, renal calyces

Front 24

Renal Vein

Back 24

Blood to Inferior Vena Cava

Front 25

Spongy Urethra

Back 25

-enclosed within corpus spongiosum of penis
-extends to external urethral orifice

Front 26

Trigone

Back 26

imaginary triangle that connects 2 urethral and 1 urethral openings

Front 27

Ureter

Back 27

transport urine to bladder

Front 28

Ureter

Back 28

Front 29

Urinary Bladder

Back 29

Front 30

Vasa Recta

Back 30

Nephron loop return reabsorbed products to blood through vasa recta