7. The Sun, Earth, & Moon Systems

Front 1

celestial body

Back 1

a large object in space (such as a star, planet, or moon)

Front 2

satellite

Back 2

a celestial body orbiting the Earth or another planet

Front 3

revolve (revolution)

Back 3

To orbit a central point: The planets revolve around the sun.

Front 4

rotate (rotation)

Back 4

to turn on its axis;

one whole spin of an object on its axis

Hint 4

Turn And Turn

Front 5

orbit

Back 5

the path an object takes as it revolves around a star, planet, or moon

Front 6

gravity

Back 6

the force that attracts a body toward the center of earth.

Front 7

surface

Back 7

the outside part or upper most layer of something.

Front 8

Sun

Back 8

a star around which the earth orbits

The sun rises in the east.

Early=East

The sun sets in the west.

Front 9

photosphere

Back 9

the surface of the sun visible from Earth

Front 10

gas

Back 10

an air like fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available irrespective of its quantity
(hot balls of gas that become stars)

Front 11

moon

Back 11

a natural satellite that revolves around a planet

Front 12

lunar cycle

Back 12

the 28 day period in which the moon's orbit around the Earth causes it to reflect the sun in different phases

Front 13

craters

Back 13

bowl-shaped indents or cavities on the surface of a planet, moon, or asteroid that are caused by a collision with another object, such as a meteorite

Front 14

maria

Back 14

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the Moon.

Front 15

Earth

Back 15

a planet in the Solar system that has life on it

Front 16

atmosphere

Back 16

layer of gases wrapped around Earth that makes life possible

Front 17

hydrosphere

Back 17

consist of all the water on Earth extends high into the atmosphere and deep in the lithosphere; Earth's waters

Front 18

water cycle

Back 18

the cycle in which Earth's water moves through the environment

Front 19

axis

Back 19

an imaginary line around which an object spins

Front 20

corona

Back 20

the outer layer of the sun's atmosphere (crown)

Front 21

sunspot

Back 21

a dark spot on the photosphere (surface) of the sun

Front 22

solar prominence

Back 22

a bright loop of sheer or gas in the corona

Front 23

solar flare

Back 23

an explosive eruption of waves and particles into space

Front 24

solar wind

Back 24

a fast moving stream of particle thrown into space by solar flares

Front 25

magnitude

Back 25

brightness of a star

Front 26

universe

Back 26

everything that exist; planets, stars, dust, gases, and energy

Front 27

galaxy

Back 27

a large group of stars

Front 28

light year

Back 28

A light year means 6 trillion miles (6,000,000,000,000).

In one year light can travel 6 trillion miles. Think about that for a moment. If you go outside tonight and shine a flash light at the sky, in the next one year that light will travel 6 trillion miles.

Front 29

equator

Back 29

an imaginary line drawn dividing the earth into a Northern Hemisphere and a Southern Hemisphere

Front 30

prime meridian

Back 30

zero of longitude

Front 31

counter clockwise

Back 31

rotating to the left - opposite of the way a clock hands rotate

Front 32

northern hemisphere

Back 32

the hemisphere to the north (above the equator

Front 33

southern hemisphere

Back 33

the hemisphere south (below) of the equator

Front 34

composition

Back 34

what something is made of

Front 35

day

Back 35

the time during rotation when Earth faces the Sun, and it is lighted; this rotation gives the false appearance that the sun travels from east to west across the sky

Front 36

shadow

Back 36

a dark area caused when an object blocks light falling on a surface

Front 37

night

Back 37

the time during its rotation when Earth faces away from the Sun, and it is dark; this rotation gives the false appearance that stars move across the sky

Front 38

meteor

Back 38

solid piece of dust from such sources as asteroids or comets

Front 39

sundial

Back 39

instrument that measures the time of day by using the position of the Sun

Front 40

eclipse

Back 40

the passing of one object through the shadow of another object

Front 41

solar eclipse

Back 41

A type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only at new moon.

Front 42

lunar eclipse

Back 42

occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle. Hence, a lunar eclipse can only occur the night of a full moon.

Front 43

compass

Back 43

instrument that uses a small magnet to show which direction is north (N)

Front 44

Order of the Planets from the Sun

Back 44

Remember: MY Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune