6Th Edition Essentials Of Fire Fighting Chapter 16

Front 1

Specific Heat

Back 1

Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a specified unit mass of a material 1 degree in temperature.

Front 2

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Back 2

Quantity of heat absorbed by a substance at the point at which it changes from a liquid to a vapor.

Front 3

Friction Loss

Back 3

Loss of pressure created by the turbulence of water moving against the interior walls of fire hose, pipes, fittings, and adapters.

Front 4

Water Hammer

Back 4

Force created by the rapid deceleration of water casing a violent increase in pressure that can be powerful enough to rupture piping or damage fixtures. Generally results from closing a valve or nozzle too quickly.

Front 5

Fire Stream

Back 5

Stream of water or other water-based extinguishing agent after it leaves the fire hose and nozzle until it reaches the desired point.

Front 6

Critical Flow Rate

Back 6

The minimum flow rate at which extinguishment can be achieved.

Front 7

Solid Stream

Back 7

Hose stream that stays together as a solid mass, as opposed to a fog or spray stream; a solid stream is produced by a smooth bore nozzle and should not be confused with a straight stream.

Front 8

Smooth Bore Nozzle

Back 8

A nozzle with a straight, smooth tip, designed to produce a solid fire stream.

Front 9

Nozzle Pressure

Back 9

Velocity pressure at which water is discharged from the nozzle.

Front 10

Fog Stream

Back 10

Fire stream of finely divided particles used for fire control.

Front 11

Fog Nozzle

Back 11

An adjustable pattern nozzle equipped with a shutoff control device.

Front 12

Straight Stream

Back 12

Semi-solid stream that is produced by a fog nozzle.

Front 13

Broken Stream

Back 13

Stream of water that has been broken into coarsely divided drops.

Front 14

Master Stream

Back 14

Large-caliber water stream usually supplied by combining two or more hose lines into a manifold device or by fixed piping that delivers 350 GPM or more.

Front 15

Ball Valve

Back 15

Valve having a ball-shaped internal component with a hole through its center that permits water to flow through when aligned with the waterway.

Front 16

Nozzle Reaction

Back 16

Counter force directed against a person holding a nozzle or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged.

Front 17

Foam

Back 17

Extinguishing agent formed by mixing a foam concentrate with water and aerating the solution for expansion, for use on Class A and Class B fires. Foam may be protein, fluoroprotein, film forming fluoroprotein, synthetic, aqueous film forming, or alcohol-resistant type.

Front 18

Foam Concentrate

Back 18

Chemical compound solution that is mixed with water and air to produce finished foam; may be protein, synthetic, aqueous film forming high expansion, or alcohol types.

Front 19

Foam Proportioner

Back 19

Device that introduces foam concentrate into the water stream to make the foam solution.

Front 20

Foam Solution

Back 20

Mixture of foam concentrate and water before the introduction of air.

Front 21

Finished Foam

Back 21

Completed product after air is introduced into the foam solution.

Front 22

Foam Expansion

Back 22

Result of adding air to a foam solution consisting of water and foam concentrate. Expansion creates the foam bubbles that result in finished foam or foam blanket.

Front 23

Class A Foam

Back 23

Foam specially designed for uses on Class A combustibles. Class A foams, hydrocarbon-based surfactants, are essentially wetting agents that reduce the surface tension of water and allow it to soak into combustible materials more easily than plain water.

Front 24

Surfactant

Back 24

chemical that lowers the surface tension of a liquid; allows water to spread more rapidly over the surface of Class A fuels and penetrate organic fuels.

Front 25

Surface Tension

Back 25

(1)Force minimizing a liquid surface's area. (2)The effect of a surfactant on the water/concentrate solution;allows the water to spread more rapidly over the surface of Class A fuels and to penetrate organic fuels.

Front 26

Class B Foam

Back 26

Foam fire-suppression agent designed for use on unignited or ignited Class B flammable or combustible liquids.

Front 27

Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)

Back 27

Synthetic foam concentrate that, when combined with water, can form a complete vapor barrier over fuel spills and fires and is a highly effective extinguishing and blanketing agent on hydrocarbon fuels.

Front 28

Film Forming Fluoroprotein Foam (FFFP)

Back 28

Foam concentrate that combines the qualities of fluoroprotein foam with those of aqueous film forming foam.

Front 29

Viscous

Back 29

Having a thick, sticky, adhesive consistency.

Front 30

pH

Back 30

A measure of the acidity of alkalinity of a solution.

Front 31

Proportioning

Back 31

Mixing of water with an appropriate amount of foam concentrate to form a foam solution.

Front 32

Eduction

Back 32

Process used to mix foam concentrate with water in a nozzle or proportioner; concentrate is drawn into the water stream by the Venturi method; also called induction.

Front 33

Venturi Principle

Back 33

Physical law stating that when a fluid, such as water or air, is forced under pressure through a restricted orifice, there is an increase in the velocity of the fluid passing through the orifice and a corresponding decrease in the pressure exerted against the sides of the constriction. Because the surrounding fluid is under greater pressure (atmospheric), it is forced into the area of lower pressure, also knows as Venturi Effect.

Front 34

Injection

Back 34

Method of proportioning foam that uses an external pump or head pressure to force foam concentrate into the fire stream at the correct ration for the flow desired.

Front 35

Premixing

Back 35

Mixing premeasured portions of water and foam concentrate in a container. Typically, the premix method is used with portable extinguishers, wheeled extinguishers, skid-mounted twin-agent units, and vehicle-mounted tank systems.

Front 36

Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS)

Back 36

Generic term used to describe a high-energy foam-generation system consisting of a water pump, a foam proportioning system, and an air compressor (or other air source) that injects air into the foam solution before it enters a hoseline.

Front 37

In-line Eductor

Back 37

Eductor that is placed along the length of a hoseline.

Front 38

Handline Nozzle

Back 38

Any nozzle that can be safely handled by one to three firefighters and flows less than 350 GPM.

Front 39

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Back 39

Form provided by the manufacturer and blender of chemicals that contains information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response procedures, and waste disposal procedures of the specified material. Formerly know as the material safety data sheet (MSDS).