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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a pathogen? |
A bacterium, virus or other organism that causes a disease. |
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What provides physical defense against pathogens. |
Epithelial tissue - skin, mucus, glands, tear ducts |
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What chemical defense is provided against pathogens |
Epithelial tissues form a physical barrier and produce chemical secretions (tears, mucus, saliva) against pathogens |
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When is inflammatory response activated? |
When a pathogen successfully enters the body. |
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Describe inflammatory response. |
Mast cells recognise pathogens and release histamine. This causes vasodilation of blood vessels and makes capillaries more permeable. Increased blood flow leads to an accumulation of phagocytes and blood clotting elements at site of infection |
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What is vasodilation? |
Increased blood flow to the site of injury, capillaries swell with blood. |
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What is the role of phagocytes ? |
To recognise pathogens and destroy them by phagocytosis. |
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Identify the role of cytokines in phagocytosis. |
Phagocytes release cytokines which act as a signal to specific white blood cell causing them to accumulate at the site of infection |
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What is phagocytosis? |
When phagocytes engulf pathogens and destroy them with digestive enzymes contained in lysosymes |
