Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Alcohol |
Kills bacteria and fungus, causes protein coagulation |
|
Heavy metals |
Oligodynamic action: cause protein denaturation and lipid dissolution |
|
Acid-anionic sanitizers |
Nontoxic, noncorrosive, enzyme inactivation, disrupts plasma membrane |
|
Quaternary ammonium |
Positively charged, four valence NH4+, effective against gram +, fungus, amoeba, enveloped viruses |
|
Quats mechanism |
Enzyme inhibition, protein denaturation, disrupts plasma membrane |
|
Food preservatives |
Sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, calcium propionate |
|
Aldehydes |
For sterilization, damage eukaryotic cells also, embalming fluid |
|
Aldehyde function |
Protein denaturation, crosslinking, used for vaccine prep |
|
Gas sterilizers |
Long exposure, work at room temp |
|
Ethylene oxide |
Gas sterilizer, alkylation, highly penetrating |
|
Alkylation |
Works on proteins and nucleic acids, replaces hydrogen in functional groups with a chemical radical |
|
Plasma |
Gas excited electrically |
|
Peroxygens |
Ozone, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, oxidize cellular components, kills endospores, viruses, vegetative cells |
|
Prions |
Incinerate or treat with enzymes, malformed proteins mutate good proteins |
|
Stomach doesn't have microbes because |
It's low pH |
|
Dental caries |
Festering bacteria metabolize sugars and their acids dissolve enamel |
|
Streptococcus mutans |
Cariogenic bacterium, causes more cavities then any other |
|
S. Mutans |
Use glucose to produce dextrans that helps attachment, accumulation causes plaque |
|
Saliva |
Carries proteins which coat teeth and allow bacteria to adhere |
|
Saliva has two things |
Lysozyme, helps to protect exposed tooth surfaces Crevicular fluid, comes out of the blood and contains phagocytic cells and immunoglobulin |
|
Soft enamel |
Lack of fluoride |
|
Sucrose |
Made of fructose and glucose and very cariogenic |
|
Xylitol |
Inhibits the metabolism of S. Mutans |