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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Which organs are located within the RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT?
*Liver
*Gallbladder
*Duodenum
*Head of pancreas
*Right Kidney and adrenal
*Hepatic flexure of colon
*Part of ascending and transverse colon
Which organs are located within the RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT?
*Cecum
*Appendix
*Right ovary and tube
*Right ureter
*Right spermatic cord
Which organs are located within the MIDLINE?
*Aorta
*Uterus (if enlarged)
*Bladder (if distended)
Which organs are located within the LEFT UPPER QUADRANT?
*Stomach
*Spleen
*Left lobe of liver
*Body of pancreas
*Left Kidney and adrenal
*Splenic flexure of colon
*Part of transverse and descending colon
Which organs are located within the LEFT LOWER QUADRANT?
*Part of descending colon
*Sigmoid colon
*Left ovary and tube
*Left ureter
*Left spermatic cord
What can easily be inspected on a newborn?
*prominent umbilical cord
*rounded contour
*Abdominal breathing
*will be ticklish
*Abdomen larger than chest
What can easily be palpated in a newborn?
*Liver may be palpable
*Spleen easily palpable
*High urinary bladder

*Palpation might indicate state of hydration
What abdominal related considerations are important in PREGNANT women?
*Nausea
*Vomiting
*Heartburn
*Appendix displacement
*Intestine displacement
*GI motility is decreased; constipation
What abdominal related considerations are important in OLDER ADULTS?
*Abdomen is rounder
*Palpation is easier
*GI upset due to meds
*Esophageal emptying delay
*Constipation
*Liver changes
*Gallstones
What is the PQRST acronym used for? What does it stand for?
Used for assessing abdominal pain

P - pain
Q - quality
R - region
S - severity
T - time and treatment
What is referred pain?
When the location of pain is not directly over the involved organ

**Note: pain is referred to a site where the organ was located in fetal development. Although the organ migrates during fetal development , its nerves persist in referring sensations from the former location.

**See lecture slide 10 for referred pain examples
True or False: The steps of an abdominal physical exam are as follows; Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
FALSE

Inspection, auscultation, palpation then percussion
When inspecting the abdomen, what are you looking for?
-Skin

-Contours/symmetry

-movement

**see slide 12 for normal/abnormal contours
When auscultating the abdomen, what are you listening for?
*Bowel sounds/peristalsis
- Hyperactivity (Borborygami)
-Hypoactivity
-No activity
*Vascular sounds (Bruits)
-aorta
-renal
-iliac
-femoral
When percussing the abdomen, what are you looking/listening for?
*General Tympany
*Liver span
*Splenic Dullness
*Costovertebral angle Tenderness
*Special Procedures - Ascites
What characteristics are we looking for when palpating an abdominal organ?
*Size
*shape
*position
*mobility
*Tenderness/tension
*Consistency
Name the normally palpable structures in the abdomen.
-Xiphoid process
-normal liver edges
-right kidney (lower pole)
-pulsating aorta
-rectus muscles (lateral borders)
-sacral promontory
-cecum ascending colon
-sigmoid colon
-uterus (gravid)
-full bladder

** see slide 17
Which organs are located within the RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT?
*Liver
*Gallbladder
*Duodenum
*Head of pancreas
*Right Kidney and adrenal
*Hepatic flexure of colon
*Part of ascending and transverse colon
Which organs are located within the RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT?
*Cecum
*Appendix
*Right ovary and tube
*Right ureter
*Right spermatic cord
Which organs are located within the MIDLINE?
*Aorta
*Uterus (if enlarged)
*Bladder (if distended)
Which organs are located within the LEFT UPPER QUADRANT?
*Stomach
*Spleen
*Left lobe of liver
*Body of pancreas
*Left Kidney and adrenal
*Splenic flexure of colon
*Part of transverse and descending colon
Which organs are located within the LEFT LOWER QUADRANT?
*Part of descending colon
*Sigmoid colon
*Left ovary and tube
*Left ureter
*Left spermatic cord
What can easily be inspected on a newborn?
*prominent umbilical cord
*rounded contour
*Abdominal breathing
*will be ticklish
*Abdomen larger than chest
What can easily be palpated in a newborn?
*Liver may be palpable
*Spleen easily palpable
*High urinary bladder

*Palpation might indicate state of hydration
What abdominal related considerations are important in PREGNANT women?
*Nausea
*Vomiting
*Heartburn
*Appendix displacement
*Intestine displacement
*GI motility is decreased; constipation
What abdominal related considerations are important in OLDER ADULTS?
*Abdomen is rounder
*Palpation is easier
*GI upset due to meds
*Esophageal emptying delay
*Constipation
*Liver changes
*Gallstones
What is the PQRST acronym used for? What does it stand for?
Used for assessing abdominal pain

P - pain
Q - quality
R - region
S - severity
T - time and treatment
What is referred pain?
When the location of pain is not directly over the involved organ

**Note: pain is referred to a site where the organ was located in fetal development. Although the organ migrates during fetal development , its nerves persist in referring sensations from the former location.

**See lecture slide 10 for referred pain examples
True or False: The steps of an abdominal physical exam are as follows; Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
FALSE

Inspection, auscultation, palpation then percussion
When inspecting the abdomen, what are you looking for?
-Skin

-Contours/symmetry

-movement

**see slide 12 for normal/abnormal contours
When auscultating the abdomen, what are you listening for?
*Bowel sounds/peristalsis
- Hyperactivity (Borborygami)
-Hypoactivity
-No activity
*Vascular sounds (Bruits)
-aorta
-renal
-iliac
-femoral
When percussing the abdomen, what are you looking/listening for?
*General Tympany
*Liver span
*Splenic Dullness
*Costovertebral angle Tenderness
*Special Procedures - Ascites
What characteristics are we looking for when palpating an abdominal organ?
*Size
*shape
*position
*mobility
*Tenderness/tension
*Consistency
Name the normally palpable structures in the abdomen.
-Xiphoid process
-normal liver edges
-right kidney (lower pole)
-pulsating aorta
-rectus muscles (lateral borders)
-sacral promontory
-cecum ascending colon
-sigmoid colon
-uterus (gravid)
-full bladder

** see slide 17
For special procedure tests - see text
.