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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Olfactory |
Test of smell and ensure potency of the nasal passages. Have the client close eyes and test each nostril separately while other is occluded, asking the clients to identify familiar ordors |
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2. Optic |
Test vision using Snellen chart or other suitable chart depending on the client's acuity and ability to cooperate. Examine the inner aspect of the eyes with the opthalmoscope. Test peripheral vision using the confrontation test. |
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3. Occulomotor |
This is the motor nerve to the five extrinsic eye muscles. Test together with cranial nerve 4 and 6. Test the extraocular movements (EOMs). Check the equality of pupils, their reaction to light and their ability to accommodate (PERRLA) Test the corneal light reflex ( when shining a light at the bridge of the nose, the light should appear symmetrically in both eyes). |
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4. Trochlear |
Use the same process as cranial nerve 3 and 6 |
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5. Trigeminal |
Palate the masseter muscles with the fingertips while the client clenches his or her teeth.
Look for disparity in tension between the two muscles, which can indicate paralysis on the weak side.
Look for tremor of the lips, involuntary chewing movements, and spasm of the masticatory muscles.
Test tactile perception of the facial skin by touching with a wisp of cotton. Test corneal reflex with wisps of cotton. Test superficial pain of the skin and mucosa with pinpricks. Test the sense of touch in the oral mucosa. |
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6. Abduccens |
Use the same process as for cranial nerves 3 and 4. |
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7. Facial |
Inspect the face in repose for evidence of flacid paralysis. Test by asking the client to elevate eyebrows, wrinkle forehead, close eyes, frown, smile, and puff cheeks. Test taste for sugar, vinegar and salt |
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8. Acoustic |
Check hearing with the audio meter or by the whisper test. Check for hearing loss using the Weber and the Rinne tests. |
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9. Glossopharyngeal |
Test together with cranial nerve 10. |
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10. Vagus |
Test for elevation of the uvulva by having the client open his or her mouth and say "ah". Test the gag reflex by touching the back of throat with a tongue blade. |
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11. Accessory |
Test the strength of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles against resistance of your hands. |
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12. Hypoglossal |
Look for tremors and other involuntary movement when the client protrudes his or her tongue. |
