100 Facts Part 1

Front 1

Jamestown

Back 1

1607; first permanent English settlement

Front 2

Declaration of Independence

Back 2

July 4, 1776; written by Thomas Jefferson

Front 3

Constitution

Back 3

1787; plan of government for the United States

Front 4

1803

Back 4

year Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory from France

Front 5

1861-1865

Back 5

Civil War

Front 6

April 1775

Back 6

first shots of the American Revolution at Lexington

Front 7

Battle of Saratoga

Back 7

turning point of the American Revolution

Front 8

Yorktown, Virginia

Back 8

George Washington defeats the British ending the American Revolution

Front 9

Fort Sumter, South Carolina

Back 9

first shots of the American Civil War

Front 10

Battle of Gettysburg

Back 10

turning point of the Civil War for the North;

last time the South would invade the North

Front 11

Vicksburg, Mississippi

Back 11

split the confederacy in 2 pieces and gave control of the Mississippi River to the North

Front 12

Appomattox Courthouse

Back 12

Robert E Lee surrenders to Ulysses S Grant

Front 13

Mercantilism

Back 13

economic theory; American colonies exist for the Mother Country England

Front 14

abolitionist

Back 14

people opposed to slavery

Front 15

tariff

Back 15

tax on goods brought into the country

Front 16

protective tariff

Back 16

tax placed on goods from another country to protect the home industries

Front 17

sectionalism

Back 17

strong sense of loyalty to a section instead of the whole country

Front 18

Manifest Destiny

Back 18

belief that the United States should own all of the land between the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans

Front 19

Temperance Movement

Back 19

campaign against the sale or drinking of alcohol

Front 20

Representative Government

Back 20

voters elect representatives to make laws for them

Front 21

Republic

Back 21

voters choose representatives to govern them

Front 22

House of Burgesses

Back 22

first representative assembly in the colonies

Front 23

3 Branches of Government

Back 23

Legislative, Judicial, and Executive

Front 24

checks and balances

Back 24

each branch of the federal government has the power to control the actions of the other branches

Front 25

Free Enterprise

Back 25

freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation

Front 26

Federalism

Back 26

sharing of power between the states and the national government

Front 27

Separation of Powers

Back 27

system in which each branch of government has it's own powers

Front 28

Popular Sovereignty

Back 28

practice of allowing each territory to decide for itself whether or not to allow slavery

Front 29

Amend

Back 29

change

Front 30

Unalienable Rights

Back 30

rights that cannot be taken away; Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Front 31

tyranny

Back 31

cruel or unjust government

Front 32

democracy

Back 32

form of government that is run by the people

Front 33

ratify

Back 33

approve by vote

Front 34

judicial review

Back 34

right of the Supreme Court to judge laws passed by Congress to determine if they are constitutional

Front 35

Civil Disobedience

Back 35

refusal to obey a government law as a means of passive resistance because of one's moral belief

Front 36

Federalists

Back 36

supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong national government

Front 37

Antifederalists

Back 37

opposed to the constitution; wanted more power given to the state government

Front 38

Nullification

Back 38

idea that a state can declare a federal law illegal

Front 39

Primary Source

Back 39

original records of an event; speeches, letters, photographs, artifacts

Front 40

Secondary Sources

Back 40

later writings and interpretations of events; textbooks, summaries

Front 41

Industrial Revolution

Back 41

era in which change was made from homemade to factory made products

Front 42

Magna Carta

Back 42

1215; first English document to limit the power of the King

Front 43

English Bill of Rights

Back 43

protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights

Front 44

Declaration of Independence

Back 44

declared the colonies independent form England

Front 45

Articles of Confederation

Back 45

first American constitution; weak federal government

Front 46

Constitution of the United States

Back 46

sets our the laws and principles of the government of the United States

Front 47

George Washington's Farewell Address

Back 47

advised the US to stay neutral in its relations with other nations and to avoid political parties

Front 48

Monroe Doctrine

Back 48

foreign policy statement by President James Monroe; 1. US would not interfere in European affairs 2. the western hemisphere was closed to colonization by European Nations

Front 49

Treaty of Paris 1763

Back 49

ended the French and Indian War

Front 50

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 50

first written constitution in North America