Jean Piaget is a famous Swiss psychologist that is very prominent in the study of child psychology. Piaget is a cognitive psychologist, which means he focused on the mental processes and the intelligence of children. He offered referred to children as “little scientists”. He was a strong believer in the idea that children learn through the manipulation of their environment. He stressed that children create their own cognitive worlds; they are the reason they start to understand the world around them. He wanted to discover how children think about the world in different stages of development and how the changes in their thinking occur. Piaget believed that children created an understanding of the world by schemes. Schemes are actions or mental
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The sensorimotor stage lasts from birth-2 years old. During this stage, infants make sense of the world by physical and mortric actions. Infants do not have a lot of reflective patterns to work with. The sensorimotor stage is divided into six substages: simple reflexes, first habits and primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, novelty, and curiosity, and internalization of schemes. Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen or heard. This is demonstrated in the game of “peek-a-boo”. The child knows that you are still there even if you are covering your face with your hands. The preoperational stage lasts from around 2 years old-7 years old. This is when a child begins to represent the world with words, images, and drawings. It is divided into the substages of: the symbolic function and the intuitive thought. The symbolic function substage is when a child is able to scribble images that represent people, houses, etc. However, the child still has severe mental limitations. Egocentrism is the inability to distinguish between one’s perspective and someone else’s perspective. Animism is the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities. The intuitive thought substage is when a child will start to use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all types of questions. Centration is the idea of focusing attention to one characteristic and excluding all other characteristics. Conservation is the idea that changing an object’s appearance doesn’t change the basic properties of the object. The concrete operational stage lasts from around 7 years old-11 years old. This is the stage of development when a child will be able to perform concrete operations, use intuitive reasoning
The sensorimotor stage lasts from birth-2 years old. During this stage, infants make sense of the world by physical and mortric actions. Infants do not have a lot of reflective patterns to work with. The sensorimotor stage is divided into six substages: simple reflexes, first habits and primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, novelty, and curiosity, and internalization of schemes. Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen or heard. This is demonstrated in the game of “peek-a-boo”. The child knows that you are still there even if you are covering your face with your hands. The preoperational stage lasts from around 2 years old-7 years old. This is when a child begins to represent the world with words, images, and drawings. It is divided into the substages of: the symbolic function and the intuitive thought. The symbolic function substage is when a child is able to scribble images that represent people, houses, etc. However, the child still has severe mental limitations. Egocentrism is the inability to distinguish between one’s perspective and someone else’s perspective. Animism is the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities. The intuitive thought substage is when a child will start to use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all types of questions. Centration is the idea of focusing attention to one characteristic and excluding all other characteristics. Conservation is the idea that changing an object’s appearance doesn’t change the basic properties of the object. The concrete operational stage lasts from around 7 years old-11 years old. This is the stage of development when a child will be able to perform concrete operations, use intuitive reasoning