Illusion And Reality In Shakespeare's Hamlet

Superior Essays
Shakespeare draws on the stage metaphor, an ancient idea stretching back to the time of Pythagoras, and incorporates this comparison of the real world and the world of theatre into a number of his plays. In Hamlet, he uses the concept of metatheatre to emphasise on the theme as well as to create and use a forceful instrument that forcefully thrusts the current situation into the next set of events. He creates an illusion within an illusion which has a profound impact on reality as the play within the play explores the ideal truth and the moral universe. He uses it as a foil and at the same time a device that will assist various pivotal characters to take their decisions and the next line of action.
Unlike the action heroes of today where action
…show more content…
In the same way Hamlet’s dilemma is his search for truth and reality in the shadowy mass of illusion. Hamlet deals with this problem by creating one of his own - his madness. He enters the realm of illusion versus reality by embracing madness, making even the audience dwell in the realms of illusion versus reality. Till date critics debate whether Hamlet’s madness is real or an illusion donned by him to deceive others and this is a masterstroke of Shakespeare that even today we ask like Pilate, ‘What is …show more content…
It means a proper shift from illusion to reality, from the delusionary mind games into the realms of the real and the actual. The safest and most secure place for Hamlet is his own thoughts and feelings, everything else is subject to doubt. According to critic, A.C.Bradley, “In Shakespeare, character is destiny.” Character takes precedence over actions. The action here is dynamic as it is flowing in the dynamic battlefield of Hamlet’s mind and thoughts unlike Aristotle who was a firm believer in structure and so for him action preceded character. Hamlet’s actions are unlike physical action but recalls the action that is like that of the stream of consciousness method used by the American writer, Virginian Woolfe. Physical action becomes less important than the mental thought processes that unveil the nature of the character.
Looking at Hamlet’s character more realistically, who would want to kill a person without ascertaining that they were truly guilty unless the crime is committed due to ulterior motives. Everyone who is a part of the moral universe would not kill without reason and would first want to be fully certain before taking such a drastic action. Hamlet’s lack of remorse on killing Polonius throws the reader off balance again. The death of Polonius presents how dangerous swift action can be. As aptly observed by Nerissa in The Merchant of Venice , Act 1, scene 2, the

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Even with Hamlet’s vast experience and a “motive and cue for passion,” his “native hue of resolution is sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought.” Like a slave, he is chained to his “godlike reason” and tendency toward melancholy reflection. Through his overuse of words to interpret reality, Hamlet is deceived and delayed. Consequently, his plans tend to “turn awry and lose the name of action.” Even his famous line, “I will speak daggers to her, but use none” relies on words and logical cowardice rather than direct confrontation.…

    • 1393 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In criminal law, a guilty conviction means that the defendant has been found beyond any reasonable doubt to be guilty of the crime. In cases of homicide not all of them are considered crimes the only case when it is regarded as a "not guilty" is the plaintiff proves beyond any reasonable doubt that it was a self-defense act that led to death. This means that the murder was not premeditated, intentional, followed by malice aforethought to kill an individual. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet follows the young Prince Hamlet who returns home to bury his father but later learns that he was murdered hence starts a long plot to exert revenge on his father’s killer. Filled with anger Prince Hamlet seeks to find his father's killer and from his research, he finds that Claudius is responsible for killing King…

    • 1383 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    He demonstrates bravery, and manliness, freeing himself from the fear, and weakness that prevented him from his purpose. Hamlet states "How all occasions do inform me and spur my dull revenge! What's a man. If his chief good and market of his time. But to sleep and feed?…

    • 1416 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In passage one Shakespeare uses diction and metaphor to show the reader the current mental state of Hamlet. The passing of his father is having a dramatic effect on him, while everyone else seems to be passing it off like it never happened. This includes his mother, who married his uncle just two months after his fathers death. Obviously this is a lot to take in for Hamlet and it puts him in a position where he doesn't know what to do with the emotions he's feeling. Hamlet is considering taking his own life.…

    • 420 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In William Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet, the main character Hamlet is thought provoking when analyzing due to his indecisiveness and inability of knowing his true self. Colin Mcginn, the author of the book Shakespeare’s Philosophy analyzes the play Hamlet and illustrates some philosophical explanations to why Hamlet is a difficult character to understand. McGinn argues, “We constitute ourselves as having a particular identity by envisaging and enacting certain roles” (46). McGinn believes that Hamlet can only be himself when he occupies a role (60).…

    • 1010 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Foils In Hamlet

    • 1360 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Hamlet is a play written by William Shakespeare. It is often regarded as one of the best examples of tragedy in modern literature. It is a story about Hamlet, a prince, trying to avenge the murder of his father, the king. Hamlet pretends to be crazy and discovers the murderer is his uncle, Claudius. Hamlet lets his emotions get the best of him and that results in his death.…

    • 1360 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s most honoured and well known pieces of literature that has been studied by many. There is a depth to Hamlet which has caused so many different ways to view and argue the characters and the overthinking in which the book revolves around. The storyline of Hamlet follows a vein of over thinking that begins with the betrayal of his Uncle Claudius when he secretly murders Hamlet’s father – the King of Denmark- then marries Hamlet’s mother and becomes king himself. As Hamlet mourns the tragic death, he finds himself in front of his father’s ghost whom is speaking to him about his murder and how Claudius- his own brother; killed him. This is when Hamlet begins to see madness around him and reflects it in himself.…

    • 1075 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Death of Polonius Hamlet has gone through a vast amount of change. His father is dead and his uncle, whom killed his father, is now married with his mother Gertrude. These changes have vastly effected Hamlet in a way in which he seeks revenge. Hamlet should not be held accountable for the death of Polonius. There are many factors contributed solely by Claudius himself, to prove that Hamlet in fact should not be held responsible.…

    • 1329 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    After his course of action is decided, Hamlet convinces himself that everyone, including his closest friends, are plotting against him. Consequently, sowing distrust among friends and family causes Hamlet’s sanity to deteriorate into madness, blinding him from the attempted aid of others. Once loved and adored by those around him, Hamlet shuts himself off from the world and all those close to him, as he knows that his planned actions will forever damn his image and more importantly his immortal soul. With so much weighing down on him, Hamlet acts rashly and murders an innocent man in the wake of his rage. By this point Hamlet is so broken from the actions and events of the past he accepts the consequences and resumes his plans undaunted.…

    • 796 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    When Hamlet drops his guard and voices the thoughts that have been plaguing him and keeping him from taking any sort of action towards the goal he promised he would achieve, it brings the audience back to seeing him in a sympathetic light. While it is not necessary to have a sympathetic protagonist to tell a good story, as the anti-hero trope is quite popular, it is beneficial and it seems Shakespeare takes continuous steps back in this directions when his protagonists stray from the audience’s favor. The broad philosophical approach of this passage is still celebrated today because as in Elizabethan times, many of us are still confronted with “the pangs of despised love”, “th’ oppressor’s wrong”, and “the law’s delay”, even if we have never experienced the situation of our uncle murdering our father then promptly marrying our mother, and our father’s ghost coming back to tell us to get revenge. Every reader can identify with at least one of the reasons Hamlet gives for why people choose to “bear the whips and scorns of…

    • 427 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    He always wants to keep up the appearance of a loving and caring person. Polonius appears like a man who loves and cares about his son, Laertes. Polonius speaks to his son with advice that sounds sincere but in reality it is rehearsed, hollow and without feeling. In reality Polonius lies, manipulates people and eavesdrops on peoples conversation. Polonius helps contribute to minor theme of appearance versus reality by showing how his appearance is not his true nature, behind the mask there lies someone totally different.…

    • 1671 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Thesis Statement Most of our actions are governed by non-conscious parts of the brain, giving logical reasoning a very limited and ineffective authority over how we decide and what we do. The sub-conscious, or the unconscious always has a stronger control over the self, and trying to resist its authority would only lead to frustration and disillusionment. In Shakespeare’s iconic character Hamlet, this dilemma between the reasoning of the conscious and the overriding intuitive powers of the unconscious can be observed as Hamlet’s trying to make sense of every step he takes only makes him less decisive and brings him unhappiness. Research Questions Why does Hamlet struggle so much in making decisions and taking steps? What keeps him from acting out his revenge?…

    • 1582 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Hamlet believes people only live on for the fear of what happens after life, and that uncertainty is the reason that holds people back from setting themselves free. However, he is unable to take his life for the fear of the unknown outweighs his suffering. This soliloquy shows Hamlet’s indecisiveness and proves his obsession for certainty which in turn eventually leads to his madness. Another example that shows Hamlets inability to act is through the death of his father. When Hamlet finds out that Claudius is responsible for his father’s murder, he is thirsty for revenge.…

    • 1613 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    His hesitation crops in to reveal his determination to adopt means and his intent to consummate a given course of action. In other words, Hamlet confidence in taking revenge begins to shake when he is left alone in thought. He begins to drag into the rhythm of a new conflict because his analytic planning brings the shadows of death to him. His desire to fulfill the plan “with wings as swift as meditation” begins to break down with the skepticism because of his mother and uncle. Though skeptical, does not back away from his mission of revenge.…

    • 1205 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Throughout the play Hamlet, by Shakespeare, the character hamlet appears insane as he speaks in incomprehensible, baffling language. Hamlet 's ambiguous madness appears controlled at times, and at others he seems irreparably erratic. Despite the ambiguity of Hamlet 's lunacy, it is clear he uses his absurdity to gain an advantage over the king. Hamlet feigns madness in order to attain his objective of misleading Claudius and his attendants to believe he is mad to protect himself, and always remains in complete control of his psyche despite other character 's doubts.…

    • 1029 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays