Skull fracture

Skull fractures can be difficult to confidently and accurately diagnose in infants due to the thin nature and variability of the skull and the sutures. We sought to determine whether 3D reconstructions improve the diagnostic yield and speed of diagnosis of skull pathology in infants receiving head CT for trauma We did a retrospective review of head CT’s obtained in children less than 2 years of age over 12 month period. There were 292 studies, 180 of these had 3D reconstructions, and 24 of these had skull fractures. 10 CT studies (5 positive, 5 negative) where 3D reconstructions were performed were randomly selected and reviewed by radiologists of various levels of training (junior resident, senior resident, general pediatric fellow, pediatric radiologist with less than 2 years’ experience, pediatric radiologist with greater than 2 years’ experience, pediatric radiologist with > 10 years’ experience, and neuroradiologist with CAQ) who were blinded to the diagnosis. Radiologists reviewed each case on two separate occasions,3 weeks apart on one occasion they were shown the cases…

Abstract Caitlyn Jenner a 65 year old female patient fell down a marble staircase and hit the left side of her skull twice when she was rushed into the emergency room. After radiographic images were taken and a skull series was performed it was evident that the patient had an open communited depressed fracture of the left temporal bone. Other radiological modalities were utilized in diagnosing the type and severity of her fracture. After diagnosis was made apparent then the appropriate…

An injury can cause a significant damage to a person. In Oliver’s case, the damage led to a cerebral disorder. There are several numbers of cerebral disorders that may cause a raised intracranial pressure. This includes intracranial haemorrhage and fracture. It is a challenging task for nurses and the multidisciplinary health team to manage, control and prevent secondary injury to the patient. This case study will present how a motor vehicular accident can cause a great impact on a healthy…

Paget’s Disease Paget’s disease is the breakdown of bone in an abnormal fashion, which then leads to bone forming abnormally. Bones naturally break down and new tissue is formed, this is called renewal. The disease disrupts the renewal process, and creates abnormalities. The abnormalities usually include enlargement and weakening of bones. The symptoms of this disease include many things, and the most reported symptom is bone pain. Other symptoms include joint stiffness, visible deformities of…

-The axial skeleton consists of a the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, vertebral column (spine), sternum bone, and the ribs. -The appendicular skeleton consists of the shoulder girdles, upper limbs, pelvic girdles, and lower limbs. -Bones are living tissue that make up the skeleton. They are primarily composed of three types of tissue. These three types are compact tissue, cancellous tissue, and subchondral tissue. -Compact tissue is the outer layer of bones and is harder than the other…

The Piltdown hoax was an archaeological site in England in 1908 and 1912 human, ape and other mammal fossils were found together. In 1913 at a nearby site an ape's jaw with a canine tooth that was worn down like a human's. British paleontologist gad the idea that a creature that had a human cranium and an ape's jaw existed. In 1953 a Piltdown man was exposed as a forgery, the skull had in fact been modern and the teeth had been filed down. Charles Dawson was the archaeologist who brought in the…

The position of the foramen magnum, the length of the leg, the shape of the spine and pelvis are four of the seven steps of bipedality. The position of the foramen magnum is located in the bottom of the skull, near the teeth in humans, and in the rear area for apes. This distinguish humans and apes because it demonstrates that the human head sits on the body rather than on the front of the body, like apes. The shape of the spine is s-shaped for humans and c-shaped for apes. Specifically, in…

The first qualitative test conducted was on the upper edge of the eye orbit. The first time this observation took place, the results were that the edge was blunt. There was another observation done on the same part of the skull and the final determination of the shape of the upper edge of the eye is that it has a sharp edge. This qualitative observation points to the skull being from a female. The next observational test was conducted on the actual shape of the eye orbit. Two analytical…

Latissimus Dorsi T7 - L5 vertebrae spinous process, the iliac crest of sacrum, the thoracolumbar fascia, the inferior angle of scapula, and lower 3-4 ribs. Intertubercular groove floor. Extends and medially rotates arm. Triceps Brachii Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lateral head: posterolateral humerus and lateral intermuscular septum; Medial head: posteromedial surface of the inferior half of humerus. Ulna olecranon process. Extension of the forearm and long head. Deltoids…

Concussions are one of the worst injuries a person can sustain because they affect one of the most vital parts of the body; the brain. Marcos A. Abreu, Wirt Edwards, and Brandon D. Spradley, doctoral student and United States Sports Academy professors, define a concussion in their article “The War Against Concussions” as “a traumatically induced transient disturbance of brain function” (Abreu, Edwards, and Spradley, 2). The issue with concussions is largely about knowing the signs and symptoms,…