Phenotype

or a gene family by genetic editing to generate the mutant phenotype. As it is done in a direction from gene to phenotype, which is opposite to ‘forward genetics’, hence named as reverse genetics. As the whole genome sequences are much more accessible nowadays with various genome sequencing technologies developed. This enables modifying a known gene, and to create a known mutation. The mutated gene might then give a change in the phenotype. We can then link this phenotypic change back to the…

fully functioning and expressing proteins hence they do not share the same phenotype. This difference in phenotype is biological in nature and it may be due to the fact of the epigenetics in the womb effecting each twin’s final phenotype. Then of course, other environmental aspects could affect the phenotype of the twins. For instance, one twin could catch a virus, which leads to cancer, and further changes there phenotype from their identical twin. These epigenetic differences become acquired…

INTRODUCTION In this project, I will be talking about Wolman Disease. This disease occurs in the Digestion and Excretory system. The focus will be on the excretory system. The definition, the causes, systems, diagnosis of Wolman Disease and the treatment for Wolman Disease. DEFINITION OF WOLMAN DISEASE Wolman disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an absence of enzyme known as Lysosomal Acid Lipase (LIPA or LAL). This disease is inherited. It is a…

CYP2D6 is a Phase I oxidative metabolism enzyme that is clinically important because about 20-25% of clinically used drug are metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme. CYP2D6 substrates are typically lipophilic and include drugs such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, antiarrhythmic, antiemetic, and opioids. The exact clinical effect of the polymorphism is dependent on the drug and the variant alleles expressed because individual allele variants can lead to a range of metabolic ability from ultrarapid…

signaling pathway. The research should identify the effects in the interaction of the product of Hairless with other gene products, produced by the blockage. The Hairless gene demonstrate that the phenotype of an organism does not provide information about the function of a gene. The expressivity of a specific phenotype is the result of gene-to-gene interactions, gene-to-protein interactions, and many other molecular…

determine whether the drosophila Melanogaster fly cross will follow Mendel’s law of Independent assortment in a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio a dihybrid cross was performed of cinnabar brown flies with wild type flies. It was observed that the mutant phenotypes became visible in the second filial generation, thus following the law of independent assortment in the first filial generation. It was also concluded that in the first filial generation the dominant genotypes masked the phenotypic effects of…

This week’s readings have to do with race and genetics in correlation with biomedicine. In Troy Duster’s Race and Reification in Science, he talked about the ability to use genomic knowledge and apply it to the pharmaceutical field. Anne Fausto-Sterling’s The Bare Bones of Race talked about, the racial difference in bone density and uses and definitions of race in medicine. Joan H. Fujimura, Troy Duster, and Ramya Rajagopalan’s collective piece, Special Issue on race, Genomics, and Biomedicine,…

The genes in our DNA are what decided what our phenotypes would be, or how we were going to look like. But I don’t think it is accurate to say DNA is responsible for our phenotypes, I believe everything that affects our DNA is what is responsible for our phenotype. Our DNA would be different if I had different parents or if environmental factors took place. Yes, once the DNA is set into place it cannot change (obviously). But before that moment so much can happen that the possibilities are…

Within the psychological, environmental and philosophical realms, there are endless conflicting theories. However, there are also times when theories align. To begin this alignment, one fascinating topic with roots in environmental and biological fields is parasite host manipulation. Parasite host manipulation is a thrilling phenomenon in biology and animal behavior that is not 100 percent understood. It is defined simply as _______. In a typical relationship, a parasite infects a host and…

for the skin. The popular system has been known to use 135 to 500 different race-color terms. The black movement system embracing black heritage. Unlike the other racial classifications the black movement system is based on genotype rather than phenotype. Different from the United States, Brazil is using skin color as just a descriptive word and neglected to understand that there is something meaningful about color. The black movement system is based off of putting…