Zoology Terms From Tests 3 And 4

Front 1

a geological doctrine that changes in the earths crust have in the past been brought aboud suddenly by physical forcesoperating in ways that can't be observed today

Back 1

catastrophism

Front 2

the historical development of a biological gap

Back 2

evolution

Front 3

a doctrine or theory holding that various forms of life and the world were created by God out of nothing

Back 3

creationism

Front 4

the theory that matter the various forms of life, and the world were created by a designing intelligence

Back 4

intelligent design

Front 5

analogy

Back 5

same function

Front 6

same ancestry

Back 6

homology

Front 7

pody parts or actions that arent used by signs of ancestry

Back 7

vestigial structure

Front 8

same function but different ancestry (analogus NOT homologus)

Back 8

covergence

Front 9

characteristics of 1 groups, intermediate form

Back 9

transitional fossil

Front 10

decent with modification

Back 10

common decent

Front 11

small changes over a long time (big changes)

Back 11

gradualism

Front 12

use mutation rates to calculate time of divergence

Back 12

molecular clock

Front 13

how evolution happened

Back 13

natural selection

Front 14

humans manipulating survival and reporduction of specific varients with desired traits

Back 14

artificial selection

Front 15

directly observed, small changes

Back 15

microevolution

Front 16

indirectly observed, huge changes

Back 16

macroevolution

Front 17

evolved responses (fever, diarrhea, vomiting) are good

Back 17

darwinian medicine

Front 18

formation of a new species

Back 18

speciation

Front 19

geopgraphic barrier splits gene pool

Back 19

allopatric speciation

Front 20

the inability of a species to breed successfully with a related species

Back 20

reporductive isolation

Front 21

ex. Homo sapiens

Back 21

Binomial nomenclature

Front 22

Hierarchial classification of animals:

Back 22

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Front 23

balanced proportions

Back 23

symmetry

Front 24

the lined space between the body wall and the digestive tract

Back 24

coeloms

Front 25

compartmentalized coelom for added mobility *SEGMENTED*

Back 25

metamerism

Front 26

formed head, sense organs, central control of nervous system (brain)

Back 26

Cephalization

Front 27

fluid part of blood

Back 27

plasma

Front 28

maintenance of a relatively constant internal invironment

Back 28

homeostasis

Front 29

plasma

Back 29

matrix

Front 30

between cells in tissues (inflammation)

Back 30

interstatial fluid

Front 31

external covering for body

Back 31

integument

Front 32

tough, flexible vovering of PROTISTANS (organis)

Back 32

Pellicle

Front 33

Calcium carbonate, silica made covering of PROTISTANS (inorganic)

Back 33

Test

Front 34

tough, flexible protein sheith covering of PLATYHELMINTHES, NEMATODA and ROTIFERA

Back 34

Cuticle

Front 35

calcium carbonate and protein covering for MOLLUSCA

Back 35

Shell

Front 36

Epicuticle, Procuticle, Epidermis -for arthropoda

Back 36

Exoskeleton

Front 37

2 layered covering for Chordata (epidermis, dermis)

Back 37

skin

Front 38

physics and optics, way light is relfected off something, different wavelengths (Common color blue)

Back 38

Structural Color

Front 39

Large molecules (polymers) that reflect specific wavelengths

Back 39

Pigments

Front 40

brown, black, pigment

Back 40

Melanin

Front 41

yellow, red pigment

Back 41

carotenoids

Front 42

contains pigmens

Back 42

chromatophore

Front 43

contains melanin

Back 43

melanophore

Front 44

contract against coelom (or other bag of fluid) characeristic of ANNELIDA,MOLLUSCA,NEMATODA

Back 44

Hydrostatic skeleton

Front 45

internal, rigid, jointed, characteristic of CHORDATA, ECHINODERMATA

Back 45

ENDOSKELETON

Front 46

Jointed, internal projections, characteristic of ARTHROPODA

Back 46

Exoskeleton

Front 47

muscles that work in antagonisitc pairs

Back 47

antagonistic mucles

Front 48

protein in muscle fiber that is responsible for muscle contraction and relaxation

Back 48

actin

Front 49

Pseuopodia

Back 49

amoeboid movement, actin and myosin, in PROTISTA PORIFERA CHORDATA(blood) WBC

Front 50

cilia

Back 50

little hairs move back and forth, movement

Front 51

9+2 arrangement

Back 51

microtuble structure

Front 52

protein that makes up mocrotubules

Back 52

tublin

Front 53

cells feed themselves, no digestive system

Back 53

intracellular digestion

Front 54

take food into cavity, digest, absorb

Back 54

extracellular digestion

Front 55

aquative, filter food, suspended in water by size

Back 55

fliter feeding

Front 56

one oepning
gastrovascular cavity
increase surface area for digestion and absorption in GVC

Back 56

Incomplete digestive system

Front 57

Large central cavity of CNIDARIANS AND PLATYHELMINTHS that receives and digests food

Back 57

gastrovascular cavity

Front 58

Mouth and anus
esophogus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine

Back 58

Complete digestion system

Front 59

blind alley of intestine (ex. appendix)

Back 59

Caecum

Front 60

enzyme that breaks down proteins in chemcal digestion

Back 60

pepsin

Front 61

enzyme that breaks down proteins in chemical digestion

Back 61

Hydrochloric Acid (HCL)

Front 62

villi and microvilli

Back 62

in vertebrate small intestine, moves food along

Front 63

enzymes secreted by pancreas to breakdown foods

Back 63

pancreatic juice

Front 64

proteases

Back 64

breakdown protein

Front 65

breakdown fats

Back 65

lipaseas

Front 66

breakdown nucleic acid

Back 66

nucleases

Front 67

breakdown carbs

Back 67

amylases

Front 68

emulsifier secreted by liver, increases surface area

Back 68

bile

Front 69

encreases surface area of food

Back 69

emulsification

Front 70

Coprophagy

Back 70

Eat feces

Front 71

ruminant

Back 71

ruminate (chew your cud)

Front 72

blood of open ciruclatory system

Back 72

hemolymph

Front 73

cavity not enclosed in vesels

Back 73

hemocoel

Front 74

arteries

Back 74

take blood away from heart

Front 75

arterioles

Back 75

arterial branch proximal to a capillary

Front 76

capillary

Back 76

take blood to tissue

Front 77

collect blood from a capillary bed and joins a vein

Back 77

venules

Front 78

take blood to heart

Back 78

vein

Front 79

connects capillary beds

Back 79

portal vein

Front 80

ventricular contraction

Back 80

systolic

Front 81

centricular relaxation

Back 81

diastolic

Front 82

produce and house WBCs

Back 82

lymph nodes

Front 83

build up of fluid

Back 83

edema

Front 84

fluid part of blood

Back 84

plasma

Front 85

RBCS

Back 85

erythrocytes, carry O2 and CO2

Front 86

WBC

Back 86

leucocytes, defense

Front 87

Platelets

Back 87

cell fragments,clotting

Front 88

exposure to antigens of pathogen

Back 88

Vaccine

Front 89

only integument exchange gases

Back 89

cutaneous repiration

Front 90

aquatic respiration

Back 90

gills

Front 91

same concentration of slats and h2o as surroundings

Back 91

isosmotic

Front 92

less water and more salts than surroundings

Back 92

hyperosmotic

Front 93

more water less salts

Back 93

hyposmotic

Front 94

organelle that rids excess water FRESHWATER PROTISTA PORIFERA CNIDARIANS

Back 94

contractile vacuole

Front 95

excretes waste in PLatyhelminthes

Back 95

Flamecell

Front 96

hemocoel, hemolyph bathes green gland and forces good and bad tuff into tubules and good stuff returned to hemocoel

Back 96

green gland

Front 97

uses active transport to suck wastes from hemolymph in insecta

Back 97

malpighian tubules

Front 98

extension of the nerve cell that conducts impusles to cell body

Back 98

dendrite

Front 99

thread like part of neve cell

Back 99

axon

Front 100

junction between neuron and affected organ

Back 100

synapse

Front 101

class of chemicals for a neuron message (adreniline)

Back 101

neurotransmitters

Front 102

multi directional nerve impulses in CNIDARIANS

Back 102

nerve net

Front 103

receives imput stimulus, responds

Back 103

peripheral nervous system

Front 104

decision, coordination

Back 104

Central Nervous System

Front 105

fluid that covers brain and spinal cord for protection

Back 105

cerebrospinal fluid