Han | Wrist And Hand (Video Lecture)

Front 1

RADIAL SHAFT

Back 1

The shaft of radius, wider inferiorly.

Front 2

INTEROSSEOUS BORDER

Back 2

The medial border of radius & lateral border of ulna, serves as an attachment that binds the radius & ulna together.

Front 3

PRONATOR TUBERCLE

Back 3

Lies halfway down the lateral side of the radius.

Serves as the INSERTION for Pronator Teres.

Front 4

STYLOID PROCESS OF RADIUS

Back 4

The distal projection on the lateral margin.

Serves as the INSERTION of Brachioradialis.

Front 5

SUPINATOR CREST

Back 5

Located below the radial notch.

Serves as the ORIGIN of Supinator.

Front 6

HEAD OF ULNA

Back 6

Small rounded head located at the distal end of ulna, near the wrist joint.

Front 7

STYLOID PROCESS OF ULNA

Back 7

The projection from the Medial Aspect of the Ulnar Head.

Front 8

SCAPHOID

LUNATE

TRIQUETRUM

PISIFORM

Back 8

4 Proximal Carpal Bones

Front 9

TRAPEZIUM

TRAPEZOID

CAPITATE

HAMATE

Back 9

4 Distal Carpal Bones

Front 10

SCAPHOID

Back 10

Also known as "Navicular" that is the most commonly FRACTURED carpal bone.

Front 11

LUNATE

Back 11

Also known as "Semilunar" that is most frequently DISLOCATED carpal bone.

Front 12

TRIQUETRUM

Back 12

Also known as "Triquetral" with the former name of "Triangular."

Front 13

PISIFORM

Back 13

A sesamoid bone or "pea-shaped" and located the tendon of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU.)

Front 14

TRAPEZIUM

Back 14

Formerly known as "Greater Multangular."

Front 15

TRAPEZOID

Back 15

Formerly known as Lesser Multangular."

Front 16

CAPITATE

Back 16

Largest carpal bone or "Os Magnum" that occupies the central position of the wrist.

Front 17

HAMATE

Back 17

Formerly known as "Unciform" that has a structure called HOOK OF HAMATE - a projection on the Palmar Surface.

Front 18

FIVE (5)

Back 18

Number of Metacarpals

Front 19

1ST METACARPAL (THUMB)

Back 19

The SHORTEST Metacarpal.

Front 20

TRUE

Back 20

True or False

Each metacarpal has a proximal base, middle shaft, & distal head.

Front 21

KNUCKLES

Back 21

Heads of Metacarpal is also known as ________

Front 22

THE DISTAL ROWS OF CARPAL BONES, CARPOMETACARPAL BONE

Back 22

Base of Metacarpals, articulates with ________ and forms the ________

Front 23

PROXIMAL PHALANGES, METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINT

Back 23

Heads of Metacarpal articulate with the bases ________ to form the ________.

Front 24

THUMB

Back 24

Each digit of phalanges contains a proximal, middle, and distal phalanx EXCEPT FOR

Front 25

PROXIMAL & DISTAL PHALANX, INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT.

Back 25

Thumb has _________ phalanx that forms the __________.

Front 26

METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINT (MCP)

Back 26

The Bases of the ProximalPhalanges articulate with theheads of metacarpal bones to formthe ________

Front 27

PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT (PIP Joint)

Back 27

The Heads of Proximal Phalangesarticulates with the bases of MiddlePhalanges to form the ________.

Front 28

DISTALINTERPHALANGEAL JOINT (DIJ)

Back 28

The head of Middle Phalangesarticulates with the bases of DistalPhalanges to form the ________.

Front 29

RADIOCARPAL JOINT (WRIST JOINT)

Back 29

A SYNOVIAL-ELLIPSOID JOINT that allows flexion-extension, radial deviation-ulnar deviation.

Articulates with the distal end of radius, articular disc, s scaphoid, lunate.

Front 30

PALMAR RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT, RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT, & ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT.

Back 30

3 Ligaments of Wrist Joint

Front 31

RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Back 31

Runs from the radius - scaphoid & trapezium

Front 32

ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Back 32

Runs from the Ulna - Triquetrum & Pisiform

Front 33

ANTERIOR (PALMAR) & POSTERIOR (DORSAL) RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT

Back 33

This ligament strengthen the capsule.

Front 34

MEDIAL RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT/ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS

Back 34

Ligaments attached to the Styloid Process of Ulna & Triquetrum bone.

Front 35

LATERAL RADIOCARPAL LIGAMENT/RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT

Back 35

Ligament attached to the Styloid Process of Radius & Scaphoid Bone.

Front 36

INTERCARPAL JOINT

Back 36

It's a SYNOVIAL-PLANE JOINT that allows gliding movement.

Front 37

MIDCARPAL JOINT

Back 37

Joint formed by the Proximal & Distal Carpal Rows where:

• Scaphoid articulates with Trapezium, Trapezoid & Capitate.

• Lunate articulates with Capitate.

• Triquetrum Articulates with Hamate.

Front 38

CARPOMETACARPAL JOINT (CMC JOINT)

Back 38

Joint that articulates between the bases of thee Metacarpal Bones & the Distal Row of Carpals.

Front 39

2ND-5th CMC JOINT

Back 39

CMC Joint that is a SYNOVIAL-PLANE that allows gliding movement.

Front 40

1ST CMC JOINT

Back 40

A SYNOVIAL-SADDLE CMC JOINT that is formed by Trapezium & the base of the 1st Metacarpal that abducts-adducts, flexion-extension, & opposition.

Front 41

3RD CMC JOINT

Back 41

The LEAST MOBILE CMC Joint.

Front 42

1ST CMC JOINT

Back 42

THE MOST FLEXIBLE CMC JOINT.

Front 43

METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINT (MCP JOINT)

Back 43

A SYNOVIAL-CONDYLOID that articulates between heads of metacarpal bones &, the bases of proximal phalanges.

Front 44

PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOIN (PIP)

Back 44

It's a SYNOVIAL-HINGE JOINT that flexes & extends. Articulates between heads of proximal phalanges & bases of middle phalanges.

Front 45

DISTTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT (DIPJ)

Back 45

It's a SYNOVIAL-HINGE JOINT that flexes-extends & articulates between the heads of the middle phalanges & bases of distal phalanges.

Front 46

EXTRINSIC & INTRINSIC LIGAMENT

Back 46

Ligaments of the hand are divided into 2:

Front 47

EXTRINSIC LIGAMENT

Back 47

It connects the Carpals to Radius/ Ulna Proximally or Carpals toMetacarpals Distally.

Front 48

VOLAR Extrinsic Ligaments:

Back 48

This contains the radiocarpal, radial collateral, & ulnocarpal ligaments.

Front 49

RADIOSCAPHOLUNATE LIGAMENTS

Back 49

Once describe as the most important stabilizer of the Proximal Pole of Scaphoid.

Rupture on this ligament will result to SCAPHOID INSTABILITY.

Front 50

RADIOSCAPHOCAPITATE, RADIOLUNATE, & RADIOSCAPHOCAPITATE.

Back 50

3 Distal bands of Radiocarpal Ligament.

Front 51

DORSAL CARPAL LIGAMENTS

Back 51

Converges on triquetrum from distal radius.

Front 52

INTRINSIC LIGAMENTS

Back 52

This ligament tends to be much stronger & less stiff as it lies on the synovial lining of the joint that has synovial fluid for nutrition.

Front 53

EXTRINSIC LIGAMENTS

Back 53

This ligament is more likely to fail but have a better potential for healing & help protect the slower healing of intrinsic ligaments by absorbing the forces.

Front 54

FLEXOR RETINACULUM

Back 54

It's also known as the "Transverse Carpal Ligaments" that holds the long flexor tendons in position at the wrist.

It stretches across the front of the wrist & converts the concave anterior surface of the hand into an osteofascial tunnel called carpal tunnel.

Front 55

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon (FCUT) Ulnar Nerve (UN) Ulnar Artery (UA) Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Ulnar Nerve (PCBUN) Palmaris Longus (PL Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Median Nerve (PCBMN)

FCUT > UN > UA > PCBUN > PL > PCBMN

Back 55

STRUCTURES THAT PASS SUPERFICIAL TO THE FLEXOR RETINACULUM (Medial to Lateral)

Front 56

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Tendons (FDST) Median Nerve (MN) Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon (FPLT) Flexor Carpi Radialis Tendon (FCRT)

FDST > MN > FPLT > FCRT

Back 56

STRUCTURES THAT PASS BENEATH THE FLEXOR RETINACULUM (Medial to Lateral)

Front 57

CARPAL TUNNEL

Back 57

Formed by the concave anterior surface of the carpal bones & closed by the flexor retinaculum.

Front 58

CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

Back 58

Impingement/ entrapment of the median nerve of the carpal tunnel.

Front 59

EXTENSOR RETINACULUM

Back 59

A thickening of deep fascia that stretches across the back of the wrist & holds the long extensor tendons in positions.

Converts the groove on the posterior surface of the distal end of radius - ulna into 6 separate tunnels.

Front 60

MEDIAL - PISIFORM, HOOK OF HAMATE

LATERAL - DISTAL END OF RADIUS

Back 60

Attachments of Extensor Retinaculum

Front 61

DORSAL CUTANEOUS BRANCH OF ULNAR NERVE (DCBUN) BASILIC VEIN (BV) CEPHALIC VEIN (CV)

DCBUN > BV > CV

Back 61

Structures that pass superficial to the extensor retinaculum (Medial - Lateral)

Front 62

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 6: EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS TENDON (ECU TENDON)

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 5: EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI TENDON (EDM TENDON)

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 4: EXTENSOR DIGITORUM & EXTENSOR INDICIS TENDONS (ED & EI TENDONS)

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 3: EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS TENDON (EPL TENDON)

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 2: EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS & EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS TENDONS (ECRL & ECRB TENDONS)

TUNNEL/COMPARTMENT 1: ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS &

EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS TENDONS (APL & EPB TENDONS)

Back 62

Structures that pass beneath the extensor retinaculum (Medial - Lateral)

Front 63

EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS TENDON (ECU TENDON)

Back 63

Tunnel/Compartment 6

Front 64

EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI TENDON (EDM TENDON)

Back 64

Tunnel/Compartment 5

Front 65

EXTENSOR DIGITORUM & EXTENSOR INDICIS TENDONS (ED & EI TENDONS)

Back 65

Tunnel/Compartment 4

Front 66

EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS TENDON (EPL TENDON)

Back 66

Tunnel/Compartment 3

Front 67

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS & EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS TENDONS (ECRL & ECRB TENDONS)

Back 67

Tunnel/Compartment 2

Front 68

ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS & EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS TENDONS (APL & EPB TENDONS)

Back 68

Tunnel/Compartment 1

Front 69

ANATOMIC SNUFFBOX

Back 69

A triangular skin depression on the lateral side of the wrist that is also called as "Fovea Radialis."

Floor: Scaphoid & Trapezium

It is easily palpated & pulsations of the radial artery can be felt here.

Front 70

TUNNEL 3: EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS TENDON/EPL TENDON (M)

TUNNEL 1: ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS TENDON & EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS TENDON/ APL & EPB TENDON (L)

Back 70

Boundaries of Anatomic Snuffbox

Front 71

TUNNEL OF GUYON

Back 71

Fibro-osseous tunnel formed by the pisohamate ligament that is attached to the pisiform & hook of hamate.

Front 72

ULNAR NERVE & ULNAR ARTERY

Back 72

Contents of Tunnel of Guyon

Front 73

DISTAL PALMAR CREASE

Back 73

Describes the palmar site of your MC Joint/Knuckles.

Front 74

PROXIMAL PALMAR CREASE

Back 74

Crease that overlies the base of your fingers.

Front 75

PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL CREASE

Back 75

Crease with the location of PIP Joint.

Front 76

THENAR CREASE

Back 76

Crease that outlines the thenar eminence.

Front 77

• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS

• EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS

• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

Back 77

3 Wrist Extensors

Front 78

• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM

• EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI

• EXTENSOR INDICIS

• EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS

• EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS

• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS

Back 78

6 Extensors of the Digits

Front 79

• FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

• PALMARIS LONGUS

Back 79

2 Wrist Flexors

Front 80

• FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

• FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS

• FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS

Back 80

3 Flexors of the Digits

Front 81

• Palmaris Brevis

• Lumbricals

• Interossei

DORSAL INTEROSSEI

• DORSAL INTEROSSEI• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS

DORSAL INTEROSSEI• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS

• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS

Back 81

5 Small Muscles of the Hand

Front 82

• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS

• FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS

• OPPONENS POLLICIS

• ADDUCTOR POLLICIS

Back 82

4 Short Muscles of the Thumb (Thenar Muscles)

Front 83

• ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI

• FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI

• OPPONENS DIGITI MINIMI

Back 83

3 Short Muscles of the Little Finger (Hypothenar Muscles)

Front 84

• PROXIMAL TRASVERSE ARCH

• DISTAL TRANSVERSE ARCH

• LONGITUDINAL ARCH

Back 84

3 Arches of the Hand

Front 85

PROXIMAL TRANSVERSE ARCH

Back 85

A rigid arch that was formed by the Distal Row of Carpal Bones.

Its supporting structure is CAPITATE.

Front 86

DISTAL TRANSVERSE ARCH

Back 86

This arch passes through the MCP Joint and is mobile than the lroxim transverse arch.

Keystone of this arch are the 2nd & 3rd MCP Joint.

Front 87

LONGITUDINAL ARCH

Back 87

This is a rigid arch that follows the general shape of the 2nd & 3rd rays.

Its keystone is the 2nd & 3rd MCP Joint.

Front 88

POWER GRIP

Back 88

This incorporates the entire hand & used for gross activity to grasp an object, rather than manipulate it.

Front 89

HOOK GRIP

Back 89

The ONLY Power Grip where the thumb is not required to participate.

Front 90

• A1 - HOOK GRIP

• A2 - CYLINDRICAL GRIP

• A3 - SPHERICAL GRIP

• A4 - FIST GRIP

Back 90

4 Types of Power Grip

Front 91

HOOK GRIP

Back 91

Only power grip that DOES NOT REQUIRE the use of the thumb. The finger digits provide this grip.

Front 92

CYLINDRICAL GRIP

Back 92

Used to make a firm grasp around a cylindrical object, such as a large, canister, or bottle.

Front 93

SPHERICAL GRIP

Back 93

Used to conform around balls or sphere shaped objects.

Front 94

FIST GRIP

Back 94

It is known as "Digital Polymer Prehension Pattern" where the hand encloses securely around a small object, so the thumb is often in contact with other digits such as when grasping a hammer, broom, or a holder.

Front 95

PRECISION GRIP

Back 95

This grip is used when accuracy & refinement of touch are needed to manipulate or use an object.

Front 96

• B1 - LATERAL PINCH” KEY GRIP”

• B2 – THREE-JAW CHUCK OR THREE-PRONG CHUCK

• B3 – TIP-TO-TIP PINCH

Back 96

3 Types of Precision Grip

Front 97

B1 - LATERAL PINCH "KEY GRIP"

Back 97

The Least precise precision grip where the pad of the thumb is placed along the lateral aspect of the index finger.

Front 98

B2 – THREE-JAW CHUCK OR THREE-PRONG CHUCK

Back 98

A pad to pad prehension.

The pad of the distal to and three digits (index, middle and thumb) come into contact before the purpose of picking up or grasping objects such as writing with a pencil.

Front 99

B3 – TIP-TO-TIP PINCH

Back 99

The tip-prehension grip.

The thumb faces, 1 of the fingers, most often the index finger & is used to pick up or manipulate small objects like beads, pins etc.,

Front 100

ANNULAR PULLEYS

Back 100

It represents 5 areas where fibrous flexor sheaths are reinforced by circular fibers that prevents bowstringing of flexors tendons

Front 101

• A1 - MCP HEAD • A2 - PROXIMAL ASPECT OF PROXIMAL PHALANX • A3 - DISTAL ASPECT OF PROXIMAL PHALANX • A4 - SHAFT OF MIDDLE PHALANX

• A5 - BASE OF DISTAL PHALANX

Back 101

5 Areas of Annular Pulleys

Front 102

A2 (Proximal Aspect of Proximal) Phalanx & A4 (Shaft of Middle Phalanx)

Back 102

2 most important areas in Annular Pulleys that prevents bowstringing of flexor tendons.