World History Veritas Ch. 23 The Cold War Era

Front 1

Cold War

Back 1

Post-World War II state of apprehension, hostility, and competition between the Soviet Union and the United States

Front 2

containment

Back 2

The use of military, economic, diplomatic, and psychological means to curtail the further advance of communism

Front 3

domino theory

Back 3

The Cold War theory that once Vietnam fell to communism, then other countries of Asia would fall like dominos toppling against one another

Front 4

Vietnamization

Back 4

the policy of turning the burden of the fighting of the Vietnam War gradually over to the South Vietnamese; instituted by American President Nixon

Front 5

perestroika

Back 5

Soviet policy during the 1980s of a wide range of social, political, and economic reforms; increase in industrial productivity

Front 6

iron curtain

Back 6

The dividing line between Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe

Front 7

Truman Doctrine

Back 7

policy that promised American aid to countries resisting Communist aggression

Front 8

Marshall Plan

Back 8

European Recovery Act; provided massive economic assistance for post-World War II Europe; the western nations accepted the funds and the eastern nations did not

Front 9

NATO

Back 9

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; a regional military alliance to defend against Soviet expansion

Front 10

Warsaw Pact

Back 10

Soviet regional military alliance that included Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe; organized to counter NATO

Front 11

Korean War (1950 - 1953)

Back 11

War between communist North Korea and democratic South Korea

Front 12

Vietnam War (1963 - 75)

Back 12

War between Communist North Vietnam and democratic South Vietnam

Front 13

Sputnik

Back 13

Russian satellite; the first manmade satellite launched into space

Front 14

Berlin Wall

Back 14

A concrete and barbed-wire wall physically separating East and West Berlin; most recognized symbol of the Cold War

Front 15

Cuban Missile Crisis

Back 15

Confrontation between the United States and the USSR after the USSR placed offensive missiles in Cuba

Front 16

SDI

Back 16

Strategic Defense Initiative; U.S. defense program designed to use space, laser, and satellite technology to provide a shield in space against incoming Soviet missiles

Front 17

Solidarity

Back 17

A powerful labor union in Poland that opposed the Polish Communist government

Front 18

Great Society

Back 18

American social program initiated by President Lyndon Johnson that sought to eliminate poverty

Front 19

Fidel Castro

Back 19

Communist dictator who seized power in Cuba and allied his country with the Soviet Union

Front 20

Ronald Reagan

Back 20

elected president of the United States in 1980 and was determined to restore America's prestige in the world and at the same time denounce communism; denounced the Soviet Union as "an evil empire"

Front 21

Mikhail Gorbachev

Back 21

Soviet premier who called for a wide range of social, political and economic reforms called perestroika

Front 22

Lech Walesa

Back 22

first non-Communist prime minister in Poland since 1945

Front 23

Margaret Thatcher

Back 23

Conservative Prime Minister of Great Britain who sold many of the nationalized industries to private investors and slashed the nation's tax rates

Front 24

Winston Churchill

Back 24

British prime minister during World War II said this famous quote about the Cold War "An iron curtain has descended across the Continent."

Front 25

Harry Truman

Back 25

American president who established the American policy of containment

Front 26

Dwight Eisenhower

Back 26

American president who pursued "peaceful coexistence" with the Soviets

Front 27

John Kennedy

Back 27

American president who forced the Soviets to remove their missiles from Cuba

Front 28

Lyndon B. Johnson

Back 28

American president who declined to run for reelection because of his unpopular policies in Vietnam

Front 29

What did Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria all have in common after World War II?

Back 29

they became subjects of the Soviet Union

Front 30

What was the immediate cause of the Korean War?

Back 30

North Korean invasion of South Korea

Front 31

After an attack on American warships in the Gulf of Tonkin, Congress effectively authorized the president to fight a war in what country?

Back 31

Vietnam

Front 32

One of the most serious crises of the Cold War occurred in 1962 when the United States insisted Cuba do what?

Back 32

remove Soviet Missiles from Cuba

Front 33

Why did President Reagan propose the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)?

Back 33

because he wanted to deal with the Soviet Union from a position of strength