World History Study Guide Chapter 9 Summary

Front 1

Justinian:

Back 1

The Byzantine Empire flourished under his vision: reconquering North Africa, Italy, etc. He rebuilt Constantinople, including the Hagia Sophia. Under his ruling they developed the Justinian's Code which revised many old Roman Laws

Front 2

Justinian part 2:

Back 2

He ruled as a autocrat. A sole ruler with complete authority. His wife Theodora, was a shrewd politician and was an adviser. He also established the Byzantine emperor to have full control of both people and church

Front 3

The Crusades:

Back 3

The Byzantines were responsible for instigating the first crusade. Constantinople was burned and pillaged by the west during the Fourth Crusade. They eventually retook after 57 years, but never recovered and soon lost against the Ottoman Turks

Front 4

Ottoman Empire:

Back 4

The Ottomans fought with the Byzantines for two months. Upon capture, the city of Constantinople was renamed Istanbul. Became a center of Muslim culture.

Front 5

Russia:

Back 5

At the time known as the Slavs and largest city is Kiev: The capital of present-day Ukraine. Eventually mixed with the Vikings. Traded with the Byzantines.

Front 6

Christianity in Russia:

Back 6

Orthodox Christianity slowly became common. In 957, Princess Olga of Kiev converted to Christianity.

Front 7

The Golden Horde:

Back 7

Mongols destroyed Kiev and other Russian towns. His armies were known as the Golden Horde. Russian rulers were still in place, as long as they paid tribute to the Mongols. Mongols converted to Islam, but tolerated Russian Orthodox Church

Front 8

Greatly Terrible:

Back 8

Ivan IV, Ivan the Great's grandson, was officially crowned tsar in 1547. He became really unstable and was prone to violent fits of rage and had thousands of people killed in one city and even killed his own son. He crated "agents of terror" Later dies by stroke