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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Paleolithic Era is also known as the ________ _________ ________. |
Old Stone Age |
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People in the Paleolithic Era did these two things to get food. |
Hunted and Gathered |
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Where did Homo Sapiens emerge? |
East Africa |
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When did homo sapiens first emerge? |
100,000 to 400,000 years ago |
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Where did Homo sapiens migrate to? |
From Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas |
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Hunter-gatherer societies during the Paleolithic Era |
-were nomadic -invented the first tools, including simple weapons -learned how to make and use fire -lived in clans -developed oral language -created cave art |
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Societies during the Neolithic Era |
-developed agriculture (domesticated plants0 -domesticated animals -used advanced tools -made pottery -developed weaving skills |
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Why did ancient civilizations develop in river valleys? |
-During the Neolithic age, permanent settlements appeared in river valleys and around the Fertile Crescent -River valleys provided rich soil and irrigation for agriculture, and they tended to be in locations easily protected from invasion by nomadic peoples |
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River Valley Civilizations that emerged from about 3500 to 500 BC |
Egypt, Mesopotamian, Indian, Chinese, Hebrews settled there, Phoenicians settled there |
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Egyptian Civilization |
Nile River Valley and Delta (Africa) |
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Mesopotamian Civilization |
Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys (south west Asia) |
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Indian Civilization |
Indus River Valley (South Asia) |
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Chinese Civilization |
Huang He Valley (East Asia) |
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Hebrews |
settled between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River Valley (part of the Fertile Crescent in Southwest Asia) |
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Phoenicians |
settled along the Mediterranean Coast (part of the Fertile Crescent in southwest Asia) |
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What religious traditions developed in ancient civilizations? |
Polytheism was practiced by most early civilizations. Monotheism was practiced by the Hebrews. |
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Who did Judaism originate from? |
Abraham, Moses |
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Where did Judaism originate from? |
Jerusalem |
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What are three beliefs/traditions/customs of Judaism? |
Monotheistic, Torah, Ten Commandments |
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Torah |
-contains written records and beliefs of the Jews -Old Testiment |
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How did Judaism spread? |
Exile Diaspora |
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How did Judaism influence Western Civilization? |
The monotheism of Abraham became the foundation of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam- religions that changed the world. The Hebrews were the first to become monotheists. |
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What were the earliest written symbols? |
Pictograms |
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What type of writing did the Egyptians use? |
Hieroglyphics |
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What type of writing did Sumer use? |
Cuneiform |
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Who created the first alphabet? |
The Phoenicians |
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What was the main religion of the Persians? |
Zoroastranism |
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How did Persia govern its empire? |
-tolerance of conqured people -development of imperial bureaucracy -Zoroastrianism |
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Zoroastrianism |
the belief in two opposing forces in the universe |
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Why were physical geography and location important to the development of Indian Civilization? |
-Physical barriers made invasion more difficult -Mountain Passes provide migration routes into the Indian Subcontinent -Indus and Ganges were most important rivers -Indus River Valley Civilizations (Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro) |
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What impact did the Aryans have on India? |
migration Caste system |
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What were the accomplishments of the Mauryan Empire? |
Asoka -continued political unification of much of India -spread buddhism -free hospitals, veterinary clinics -good roads |
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What were the accomplishments of the Gupta Empire? |
-Golden age of classical indian culture -mathematics (zero) -medical advances (set bones) -astronomy (concept of earth is round) -new textiles -literature |
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What are the characteristics of Hinduism? |
-belief in many forms of one God -Reincarnation -Karma -Vedas and Upanishads |
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How did Hinduism influence Indian society and culture? |
spread along major trade routes |
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Who was the founder of Buddhism? |
Siddartha Gautama |
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How was Buddhism spread? |
-Siddartha Gautama spread it in Nepal -Asoka sent missionaries throughout Asia -writings |
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Contributions of classical China to world civilization |
Confucianism and Daoism Dynasties Mandate of Heaven Silk Roads |
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Contributions of Classical China |
Civil Service System Paper Porcelain Silk |
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Contributions of Confucianism in forming the social order in China |
-belief that all humans are good, not bad -respect for elders -code of politeness -emphasis on educations -ancestor worship |
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Contributions of Taoism in forming Chinese culture and values |
-humility -simple life and inner peace -harmony with nature -Yin/Yang represented opposites for Confucianism and Taoism |
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How did the Chinese influence Japan? |
writing, architecture, buddhism |
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How has Japans geography influenced its development? |
-mountainous Japanese archipelago (four main islands) -Sea of Japan between Japan and Asian mainland -Proximity to China and Korea |
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Which two religions coexisted as religious traditions in the Japanese Culture? |
Shinto and Buddhism (Zen Buddhism) |
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Major trade patterns of the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500AD |
Silk roads across Asia to the Mediterranean basin Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean |
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What goods were exchanged among different cultures? |
-Gold from west Africa -spices for lands around the Indian ocean -textiles from India, china, the middle east, and later Europe -porcelain form china and Persia -printing and paper money from china |
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What Technology were exchanged among different cultures? |
-paper form China -new crops from india -waterwheels and windmills -navigation-compass from china |
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What ideas were exchanged among different cultures? |
Religions -Buddhism -Hinduism |
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What was the religious group that fled Egypt to go to the land their One God has promised them? |
Jews, Hebrews, Isralites |
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Who is the famous Indian emperor who spread Buddhism? |
Asoka |
