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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two main rivers in China?
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Huang He/Yellow River and the Chang Jiang/Yangtze River.
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What is the name of the mountain range to the west and south of China?
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Himalayan Mountain which are the tallest mountains in the the world.
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Archaoelogists believe the _________ _________ valley was the center of Chinese civilization.
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Huang He
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What was the first capital of China?
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Anyang
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Anyang was built during which dynasty?
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Shang
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Chinese society had three social classes. What were they?
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Aristocrats, farmers, and merchants.
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People in the Shang dynasty believed in one or many gods?
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Many
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What is the name of the characters used in early Chinese writing?
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Pictographs
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What is it called when there were two or more pictographs joined to represent an idea?
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Ideographs
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Why did Ancient China have so little farming?
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It's geography; Himalayas to the SW and large deserts to the W and NW.
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Who rebelled against the Shang and created the next new dynasty?
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Emperor Wu who created the Zhou Dynasty.
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What was the longest ruling dynasty?
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Zhou
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What major items were developed during the Zhou Dynasty?
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Irrigation and flood control systems, farm tools such as plows.
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What item was an important item of trade during the Zhou period?
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silk
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What were the 3 major theories/philosophies used by Chinese rulers?
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Confucianism, Daoism and legalism
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What does Confucianism teach?
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teaches that people should act properly and respect relationships. (proper behavior)
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What does Daoism teach?
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to live in harmony with nature. It teaches that people should give up worldly desires & encourages the importance of nature.
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Define: Legalism
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a philosopy that emphasizes strict obedience of laws. (harsh laws & punishments are good.
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Who developed Legalism?
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Hanfeizi
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Who was known as the first emperor to rule a UNITED China?
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Qin Shihuangdi
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Qin's rule was based on what type of philosophy?
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legalism
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How did Qin unite China?
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created one type of currency, ordered the building of roads and buildings, and connected the Chang Jiang to central China with a canal.
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Why did Qin start the building of the Great Wall?
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to defend China's northern boundary from the Xiongnu's?
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Who were the Xiongnu's?
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a nomadic people living North of China.
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Who was believed to be the harshest ruler and his dynasty was overthrown after his death?
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Qin Shihuangdi
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Who found the Han Dynasty?
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Liu Bang
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What gave Zhou kings power and it's people some rights?
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Mandate of Heaven
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During the Zhou Dynasty, what was considered the proper way for kings to rule their people?
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Dao
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How did aristocrats get rich?
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from farmers who grew crops on the lands that the aristocrats owned.
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What group was considered the lowest class?
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merchants
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What was the fundamental teaching of Daoism?
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to live in harmony with nature.
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Who created Daoism?
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Laozi
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Explain Legalism.
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emphasizes strict obedience of laws. They believed in a system of harsh laws & punishments.
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Who developed Legalism?
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Hanfeizi
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How did farmers have to pay the aristocrats?
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with part of their crops.
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What was considered "ships of the deserts"?
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Camels
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Why were camels so important?
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animals designed to cope with desert life.
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What Chinese invention during the Han dynasty, made it easier for people to communicate and create documents and records?
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Paper
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What is a caravan and why were they used?
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a group of peopl traveling together, usually on camels, for their protection.
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What was the Silk Road?
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the overland route from China to the edge of the Mediterranean Sea (Antioch, Syria? and then by boat to Rome, Italy.
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What ideas spread by means of the Silk Road?
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Buddhism spread from India to China.
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How was the expansion of the Silk Road made possible by the Han Dynasty?
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His military force drove the nomad people back to open up the trade route to the west.
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What is silk?
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fibers taken from the cacoon of a silworm and made into a strong, warm, light, cloth.
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What new inventioins were developed during the Han Dynasty?
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paper, waterwheel, the rudder.
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What is acupuncture and under what dynasty did it begin?
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the practice of easing pain by sticking needles into patient's skin. Han dynasty.
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