World Civ. Ii Exam 4

Front 1

Pearl Harbor date

Back 1

December 7, 1941

Front 2

Pearl Harbor

Back 2

300 bombers struck in two waves
19 US ships disabled or sunk
164 US planes destroyed
2,335 killed

Front 3

Why Pearl Harbor happend

Back 3

Hostile rhetoric on both sides
US blockade on Japanese shipping

Front 4

Battle of Stalingrad dates

Back 4

1942-1944

Front 5

Battle of Stalingrad

Back 5

One of the major turning points of World War II, when the Soviet Army halted the German advance and annihilated the German Sixth Army. After victory at Stalingrad, the Soviets went on the offensive, driving the Germans out of Soviet territory.

Front 6

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 6

(1945) Two Japanese cities devastated by atomic bombs dropped by the United States in an attempt to end the Second World War.

Front 7

What led up to D-Day?

Back 7

-US had been fighting Japan, and fighting Italy
-British was fighting an air war w/ Germany
-Allies needed an invasion of Europe
-Pre-Planning was the most ever

Front 8

D-Day June 6, 1944

Back 8

The World War II D-Day invasion of Normandy, France.

Front 9

Battle of Midway Island

Back 9

(1942) Pacific war (turning point)
-Allies gained momentum
-American aircraft sunk four of Japan's six largest aircraft carriers
-Somewhat led to Guadalcanal
-End result the American naval dominance in the Pacific was ensured

Front 10

Iwo Jima

Back 10

(19 February – 26 March 1945)was a major battle in which the United States Armed Forces fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire. The American invasion had the goal of capturing the entire island, including its three airfields.[2] This month-long battle included some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the War in the Pacific of World War II.

Front 11

Holocaust of the Jews

Back 11

-Hitler and the Nazis wanted a pure German race over all Europe
-Most Jews were in eastern Europe and Russia
-Germany 'conquered' them

Front 12

The final solution

Back 12

-Set up ghettos in large cities
-Moved Jews to work camps
-Moved Jews to death camps
-Auschwitz was one
-Also killed gypsies, homosexuals, the handicapped
-6 million were killed

Front 13

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Back 13

(1943) Unsuccessful revolt of Polish Jews confined to the Wardsaw ghetto who rose up to resist being sent to the Treblinka death camp.

Front 14

Bolshevik Revolution

Back 14

(1917)The Bolshevik Revolution was the overthrow of the Russian government, which took place in the fall of 1917. The Bolsheviks were an extremist faction within the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (later renamed the Russian Communist Party) who seized control of the government and ushered in the Soviet age.

Front 15

Vladimir Lenin

Back 15

-returned from exile, as a Bolshevik
-He opposed:
-Imperialism, capitalism, & the war
-November 1917-siezed St. Petersburg
-set up the Politburo

Front 16

How Lenin changed Marxism(Marxist-Leninism)

Back 16

1. 3 phases of history - rush to the 3rd phase
2. Rule by the masses - Politburo, the party, and Levin
3. No capitalism- NEP

Front 17

Joseph Stalin and Stalinism

Back 17

-Joseph Stalin replaced Lenin
-A dictatorship
-Heavy industrialization (the key to winning WW2)
-Secret police
-Purged the army, party

Front 18

Great Purges under Stalinism

Back 18

-1108 of 1225 party delegates were arrested
-Purged 2/3 of the army officers
-Executions of "Old Bolsheviks"
-Millions sent to work camps (gulags)
-Total: 40 million people died, counting death by starvation

Front 19

Chinese Nationalists

Back 19

-ran and exploited the country
-(GMD or KMT)
-tried to eradicate the Chinese communist party and Mao Zedong (The Long March, 4,000 stayed alive)

Front 20

Mao Zedong

Back 20

commonly referred to as Chairman Mao (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), was a Chinese communist revolutionary, political theorist and politician. The founding father of the People's Republic of China from its establishment in 1949, he governed the country as Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China until his death

Front 21

Great Leap Forward

Back 21

(1958)
1. Collectivized all farm land
2. To out do the west at industrialization
3.Communes of 20,000 people each
4. Backyard iron forges

Front 22

Wild Swans, 209

Back 22

1956, "Let a hundred flowers bloom." (encouraged people to openly express their opinions of the communist regime)

Front 23

Cultural Revolution (1966-1976)

Back 23

1. To get rid of counterrevolutionaries
2. Mao swam in the river
3. Youth formed into the Red Guards

Front 24

Reform and opening in China(Deng Xiaoping)

Back 24

-China more open to foreign investment
-Students sent to western universities
-Market reforms, private enterprise

Front 25

Red Guards

Back 25

During the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), Mao Zedong mobilized groups of young people to enforce communist dogma and rid the nation of the so-called "Four Olds" - old customs, old culture, old habits and old ideas. Millions of youths formed groups known as "Red Guards."

Front 26

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 26

Massacre in a public square in Beijing, where, in 1989, students and workers demanded freedom and democracy. On order from the Communist Party, the Chinese military cleared Tiananmen Square with tanks and gunfire.

Front 27

Ayatollah Khomeini

Back 27

(1902-1989) Shi'ite cleric who led the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 and became Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Front 28

Osama bin Laden

Back 28

(b.1957-2011) Saudi Arabian leader of the Islamist group al-Qaeda whose goal is to replace existing governments of Muslim countries with a purified caliphate. He was killed during a U.S. raid on his home in Pakistan.

Front 29

Islamic Fundamentalism

Back 29

-Began with the loss of Palestine
-Anger and disappointment with themselves
-Felt like pawns in the Cold War. A 3rd way

Front 30

Balfour Declaration

Back 30

(1917) Declaration that committed the British government to helping create "a national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine. Britain made this declaration to court support from Zionists during World War I.

Front 31

Zionism

Back 31

The national movement for the return of the Jewish people to their homeland and the resumption of Jewish sovereignty in the Land of Israel. Has come to include the development of the State of Israel and the protection of the Jewish nation in Israel

Front 32

HAMAS

Back 32

-One of the several groups for Arab Muslims
-About abolition of Israel
-Suicide bombings. Jihad
-Strong in Gaza
-On U.S. list of terrorist organizations
-Also runs schools, food banks, and clinics

Front 33

September 11, 2001

Back 33

Date of the al-Qaeda terrorist attacks on the United States in which two hijacked planes were used to destroy the two towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Another hijacked plane crashed into the Pentagon, and a fourth fell in a Pennsylvania field.