World Civ Final Exam

Front 1

Metis

Back 1

people of mixed French and native heritage.

Inhabitants of the area around Red River. They were of mixed blood-French and Scottish fur traders and natives

Front 2

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Back 2

He was the Archduke of Austria. He was assassinated in June 28, 1914 by a Serbian terrorist group. He is important because death was the immediate cause of World War 1.he was assassinated along with his wife Sophie by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip while he was visiting the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo on June 28 1914.

Front 3

Benito Juarez

Back 3

He was a Mexican national hero. A son of Native American peasants, he brought liberal reforms to Mexico, including separation of church and state, land distribution to the poor, and an educational system for all of Mexico. He then became president of Mexico (the Abe Lincoln of Mex. Created a true constitutional government)

Front 4

Henry Clay

Back 4

from KY, House of Reps

-war hawk

-proposed American System:(1)protective tariffs, (2)national bank, (3) internal improvements-proposed Missouri Compromise

the great compromiser

helped reduce tension b/w the south and north

Mason Dixon line

Front 5

Muhammed Ali

Back 5

Alian officer of the Ottoman army who seized power and established a separate Egyptian state in 1805. He held reforms to bring Egypt into the modern world.

Front 6

Sepoys

Back 6

Hindu and Muslim recruits of the East India Company's military force

-began with the mutiny at Meerut

-fought against the British with the Indians-India-since the 18th century

Front 7

Emperor Meiji

Back 7

the 122nd emperorborn in 1852, one year before Perry's arrivalson of "Emperor Komei"reigned Japan from 1867 to 1912 but as a figureheads from the south held the real power

Restored the Japanese emperor/empire; moved capital to Tokyo

Front 8

Woodrow Wilson

Back 8

made US most powerful country in world, declared neutrality to get US to mediate end to war, asked for declaration of war, associated power of allies, main goal was to create a new structure of peace, 28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

Front 9

Sun Yat-Sen

Back 9

led the Revolutionary Alliance and wanted to take over the Qing dynasty after Empress Dowager Cixi died (1908)-his ideas were a mix of nationalism, socialism, and Confucianism-founded Guomindang-was going to be president of China but didn't have military force so he resigned to avoid conflict with the army (Yuan Shikai took his place)

Front 10

Vladimir Lenin

Back 10

facilitated the 1917 bolshevik revolution-prominent marxist-redistributed land, nationalized banks and industry-new econ policy

Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)

Front 11

Emiliano Zapata

Back 11

He aroused the masses of landless peasants and began to seize the estates of wealthy landholders.

Front 12

Benito Mussolini

Back 12

Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786)

29 July 1883 - 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce ("the leader"), was one of the key figures in the creation of fascism

Front 13

Joseph Stalin

Back 13

1879-1953, Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition.

Front 14

Mohandas Gandhi

Back 14

He was born in 1869 in Gujarat, in western India. He became a lawyer. He set up a movement based on nonviolent resistance. 1869-1948. Major spiritual and political leader of India (led protests against racial discrimination) and the Indian Peace Movement. Known as "Father of The Nation" in India for his defiance of British government and success in civil rights movement. Lead famous Dandi Salt March in opposition of British Salt Tax.

Front 15

Mao Zedong

Back 15

leader of the chinese communists whose revolutionary army seized power in China in 1949 (overthrew Jiang Jieshi)

The Communist leader in China. He established his regime in Beijing (the people's Republic of China) but the US refused to recognize it and continued to support the nationalist govt in Taiwan.

Front 16

Neville Chamberlain

Back 16

was the conservative prime minister of Britain. He attended the Munich Conference, and along with the other countries present, gave in to Hitler's demands in an effort to appease him. he returned believing he had helped achieve "peace for our time."

Front 17

Fidel Castro

Back 17

Cuban revolutionary leader who overthrew the corrupt regime of the dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 and soon after established a Communist state. He was prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and has been president of the government and First Secretary of the Communist Party since 1976.

Front 18

Sandanistas

Back 18

Members of a leftist coalition that overthrew the Nicaraguan dictatorship of Anastasia Somoza in 1979 and attempted to install a socialist economy. The United States financed armed opposition by the Contras. They lost national elections in 1990

Front 19

William Brandt

Back 19

Chancellor of West Germany in the late 1960s; he sought to improve relations with the states of Eastern Europe.

The first Social Democratic chancellor in West Germany. Especially successful with his "opening toward the east'

policy of "opening toward the east" that increased relations between West and East Germany in 1972.

Front 20

Kwame Nkrumah

Back 20

1909 - was a Ghanaian nationalist who led the Gold Coast to independence and became the leader of Ghana. He was a strong advocate of Pan-Africanism, and supported it at the expense of the Ghanaian economy. He was later deposed.

Front 21

Mikhail Gorbachev

Back 21

Became the leader of the USSR in 1985 and pushed for reforms in his country including glasnost (political openness) and perestroika (economic restructuring). His reforms helped improve the relationship between the U.S. and the Soviet Union but also led to the collapse of the USSR and the end of communism in Eastern Europe. The reforms were too little and too late.

Front 22

Deng Xiaoping

Back 22

was China's next major leader after the death of Mao in 1976. He promoted more ties with the west and the slow movement towards capitalism in China.

Communist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms after the death

Front 23

Yasser Arafat

Back 23

Palestinian statesman who is chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (born in 1929)

Front 24

Ayatollah Khomeini

Back 24

Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in 1979 and created an Islamic republic.

Leader of the radical Muslim fundamentalists that came to power in Iran in 1979. He spent the next ten years, until his death in June 1981, trying to exploit problems for the U.S.