Wolverton Chapter 28: Topical Antibacterial Agents

Front 1

Topical antibacterial agents are divided into what 2 categories?

Back 1

1) Drugs used for wound care
2) Drugs used for Acne and Rosacea

Front 2

Name the 6 topical antibacterial agents used for wound care.

Back 2

1) Bacitracin
2) Polymyxin B
3) Neomycin
4) Mupirocin
5) Gentamicin
6) Silver Sulfadiazine

Front 3

What is the mechanism of action of topical Bacitracin?

Back 3

Inhibits bacterial wall synthesis

Front 4

TRUE or FALSE
As monotherapy Bacitracin is effective for eliminating nasal carriage of S. Aureus.

Back 4

FALSE
Topical Bacitracin is ineffective for eliminating nasal carriage of S. aureus as mono therapy.

Front 5

Polymyxin B destroys bacterial membranes with what type of mechanism?

Back 5

A surface detergent-like mechanism

Front 6

Which topical antibacterial agent is only effective against gram-negative bacteria, including pseudomonas?

Back 6

Polymyxin B

Front 7

Which topical antibacterial agent is a bactericidal aminoglycoside, binds to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis?

Back 7

Neomycin

Front 8

Which topical antibacterial agent can induce anaphylaxis if applied to an ulcer bed?

Back 8

Bacitracin

Front 9

This antibacterial agent inhibits bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, thereby hindering bacterial RNA synthesis, protein synthesis and cell wall synthesis.

Back 9

Mupirocin

Front 10

Which topical antibacterial agent, because of its unique structure and MOA does NOT cross-react with other topical agents causing contact sensitization?

Back 10

Mupirocin

Front 11

This is the only topical antibiotic that is effective for the elimination of MRSA from chronic carriers?

Back 11

Mupirocin

Front 12

Local side effects of topical Mupirocin which include pain, burning and itching are attributed to what?

Back 12

Polyethylene Glycol, the vehicle base
(but true allergic contact sensitivity to Mupirocin is rare)

Front 13

Topical Gentamicin is bactericidal by inhibiting protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to what?

Back 13

30S ribosomal units

Front 14

Which topical antibiotic is NOT effective against streptococci?

Back 14

Gentamicin

Front 15

Which topical antibiotic is commonly used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis?

Back 15

Gentamicin

Front 16

What is the most commonly used
topical antibacterial agent for the treatment of burns?

Back 16

Silver Sulfadiazine

Front 17

Name the 5 topical antibacterial agents used to treat acne and rosacea.

Back 17

1) BPO
2) Clindamycin
3) Erythromycin
4) Azelaic Acid
5) Sodium Sulfacetamide

Front 18

The stability of BPO is very dependent on its vehicle, what vehicle is it LEAST stable in?

Back 18

Propylene glycol

Front 19

What percentage of topically applied BPO is absorbed through the skin?

Back 19

5%

Front 20

What is BPO completely metabolized to in the skin?

Back 20

Benzoic Acid

Front 21

BPO is a broad-spectrum bactericidal agent that functions through what mechanism?

Back 21

Powerful oxidizing activity

Front 22

In vivo studies have shown that topical BPO produces how much reduction in cutaneous microflora during treatment?

Back 22

1-3 log reduction

Front 23

What topical antibacterial agent can be used as montherapy for acne?

Back 23

BPO

Front 24

What topical antibacterial agent is bactericidal against P. acnes by inhibiting TG hydrolysis, and decreases inflammation of acne lesions?

Back 24

BPO

Front 25

What topical antibacterial agent is effective on inflammatory acne lesions (pustules and papules), and MORE effective on non-inflamed lesions than erythromycin or clindamycin?

Back 25

BPO

Front 26

This topical antibacterial agent is comparable to topical tretinoin in treating non-inflammatory acne lesions but superior to tretinoin for inflammatory lesions?

Back 26

BPO

Front 27

This topical antibacterial agents has not been associated with induction of bacterial resistance.

Back 27

BPO

Front 28

What 2 topical antibacterial agents, inhibit bacterial activity by irreversibly binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome.

Back 28

Clindamycin and Erythromycin

Front 29

Gram-Negative Folliculitis has been rarely associated with use of what topical antibacterial agent?

Back 29

Clindamycin

Front 30

This topical antibiotic is effective against the pustules, papules, and to a lesser degree, erythema of Rosacea but is ineffective against teleangiectasias and rhinophyma.

Back 30

Metronidazole

Front 31

Which topical antibacterial agent is mildly effective for the treatment of acne but has activity against hypermelanosis caused by physical and chemical agents, PIH, melanoma, and LM?

Back 31

Azelaic Acid

Front 32

Sodium sulfacetamide is commonly incorporated in a formation with what other compound to help minimize the formation of new lesions by inhibiting pro inflammatory enzymes?

Back 32

Sulfur

Front 33

What are the 3 most commonly used topical antiseptics?

Back 33

1) Triclosan
2) Chlorhexidine
3) Povidone/Iodine

Front 34

This topical antiseptic is the active ingredient in Lever 2000 and Dial soap.

Back 34

Triclosan