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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to the handout, what were the four causes of the Civil War?
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States rights, tariffs, slavery, and the Patrone factor.
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What was the first battle of the Civil War?
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The Battle of Ft. Sumter.
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What was the first state to secede from the Union?
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South Carolina
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For every man killed in battle during the Civil War, how many died from sickness and disease?
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Two. For every 1 man killed in combat 2 died from sickness and disease.
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True or False: Most soldiers in the Civil War were under 21 years old?
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True.
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Approximately how man African American soldiers fought for the Union Army?
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Approximately 180,000 black troops fought for the Union Army. This was about 10% of the Union Army strength.
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True of False: the Civil War is known as the First Modern War
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True
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Specific to strategy and tactics, what type of conflict was the Civil War?
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The Civil War was a war of maneuver.
It was a war in which the balance of power was described in terms of technology. |
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In terms of strategy and tactics, how did the civil was begin and how did it end? What type of tactics were used?
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The civil war began with Napoleonic Principles and by the end showcased a preview of WWI style trench warfare.
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According to our handout, the South fought two foes. The Union was one of them and what was the other?
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Economics.
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Approximately how many soldiers fought in the Civil War?
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3.5 Million
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Of the 3.5 Million soldiers who fought in the Civil War, how many were actually regulars of the Union or Confederate military forces?
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75,000. The vast majority of the rest were volunteers from State organized units.
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How did the South tend to name battles?
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The South named battles after the closest town or city.
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How did the North name battles
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The North named battles after the closest stream or river.
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The North called them the first and second battles of “Bull Run”, but what did the South call them?
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The South named the battles of Bull Run the first and second battles of “Manasses
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In the South, what is the battle of Antietam called?
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In the South, the Battle of Antietam is known as the Battle of Sharpsburg.
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What was the number one resource of the South?
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The number one resource of the South was agriculture
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What was probably the most destructive force to the Confederacy?
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Hyperinflation
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What are the main reasons the Confederates lost the Civil War?
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1. Lack of manpower;
2. Lack of industry; 3. An opponent with almost unlimited resources; 4. Railroads that only ran in north-south direction; 5. Economics: The southern economy only got worse as the war raged on. |
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What was the Percussion Cap ignition system
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The Percussion Cap ignition system had a simple tube running straight into the gun barrel. It did not use an exposed flash pan to begin the ignition process.
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What was the primary rifle of the Civil War?
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The primary rifle of the Civil War was the 1861 Springfield Musket
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What was the Minnie Ball?
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The Minnie Ball was a lead projectile tapering forward from its narrow base. The force of the explosion expanded the hollow base of the bullet to fit the rifling. The round left the rifle spinning, which greatly increased accuracy.
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Which British weapons company sold arms to both the Union and the Confederacy?
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Royal Small Arms Factory of Enfield, England.
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How many rounds per minute could a good Civil War artillery crew fire?
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About two rounds per minute.
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Name the technological innovations of the Civil War:
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1. Telecommunications
2. photojournalism 3. aerial observations (balloons) 4. submarines (CSS Hunley: first sub to sink a ship in wartime) 5. Steam and ironclad ships (Monitor & Merrimac) 6. railroads 7. rapid-fire weapons |
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Who used the first machine-gun type weapon in combat?
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The Confederacy. They used the Williams breech-loading rapid fire gun.
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What is significant about the CSS Hunley?
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The CSS Hunley was the first submarine to ever sink a ship in wartime. CSS Hunley rammed a spar-torpedo into the USS Housatonic.
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Which States followed South Carolina in Secession?
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Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas -- The threat of four more -- Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina
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What was pay difference between confederate soldiers and Union Soldiers
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Union Soldier were $13 a month Confederate paid $11 a month.
Federal Government authorized 100 signing bonus. officers were paid from $100 to $758 a month |
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What were daily rations for Union Soldiers?
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12 oz pork or bacon
4 oz fresh or salt beef 1 lb 6 oz soft bread or flour 1 lb hard bread 1 lb 4 oz cornmeal Per every 100 soldiers 1 peck of beans or peas 10 lb of rice or hominy 10 lb green coffee 8 lb roasted or ground coffee 1 lb 8 oz of tea 15 lb of sugar 1 lb 4 oz of candles 4 lb of soap 1 qt of molasses In addition to vegetables, dried fruit, pickles, or cabbage |
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What were rations for Confederate Soldiers
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Hard bread with worms
rice two or three times a week with worms Hunger was regular companion |
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Who were Buffalo Soldiers?
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Black slave soldiers that fulfilled someone's service requirement; the fee to do so was $300
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Who was Sara Edwards?
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Enlisted under alias Frank Thompson; employed as a spy during Peninsula Campaign. She deserted in 1862 when contracted malaria
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Who was Loreta Jancta Velazquez?
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Widow of confederate soldier from New Orleans; adopted the name Harry Buford traveled to Arkansas and recruited for her command.
Elected LT also served in KY and TN; wounded twice and did not care for private behavior of men |
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Who was Jennie Hodgers
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aka Albert Cashier; She fought in Vicksburg, Nashville, and Red River was mustered out.
Awarded the Medal of honor |
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Who fought to a draw off Hampton Roads, VA
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The Monitor and Merrimac
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What were commonly used in defense of a fortified position?
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Chevaux-de-friese
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Describe Confederate Prison in Andersonville, GA
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Designed to hold 10,000 recieved 400 prisoners per day.
population grew to more than 32,000 Each man had less than 4 sft of living space no protection from weather, shanty tents, no clothes clothes rotted away leaving them naked |
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Who was Captain Henry R. Wirz
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Confederate Commander of Camp Sumter and only person hanged for War Crimes
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Describe Union Prison in Elmira, New York
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had highest death rate per capita of any prison camp North or south, 24%
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Confederate Strategy
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Pursue defense posture by keeping Union Forces out and usining its surplus of raw materials for trade with European powers
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Union Strategy
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Keep border states within Union; starve the South by blocking coastline
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Manassas, VA 21 Jul 1861 Also know as First Bull Run
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Confederate victory that left the South overconfident
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Wilson Creek, MO 10 Aug 1861
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Another Confederate victory
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Seven Day's Battle, VA 25 Jun - 1 Jul 1862
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Drove the Union away from Confederate Capital
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Second Manassas, VA 29-30 Aug 1862
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Gen Lee's army routed the second prong of the Union effort against Richmond
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Aniietam, MS 17 Sep 1862, aslo know as Sharpsburg
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Bloodiest Battle
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Gettysburg, PA 1-3 Jul 1863
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The largest and Costliest battlr ever fought.
Final day called Pickett's charge |
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Alanta, GA May - Sep 1864
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Capture of communications center helped President Lincoln win reelection
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Appomattox, VA 19-21 Mar 1865
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Final battle Confederacy surrendered
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