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136 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the two main causes of the Civil War?
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Slavery
Succession |
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What could the state of America be called in the 1850's?
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Dual character (half free and half slave)
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What was a big problem during this time?
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Sectionalism.
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Define sectionalism.
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Excessive devotion to local interests and customs.
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Alexis de Tocqueville who wrote "democracy in America obersvered what?
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a split between rich and poor, north and south, and the free and those in slavery
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How many people where in the nation in 1850.
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23 million
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What part of the country flourished in industry?
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Northeastern
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What part of the country flourished in agriculture?
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Midwest and southern
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What were the typical of Eastern industries?
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textile, machinery, lumber, leather, and woolen goods.
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What did the south manly grow?
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Tobacco, rice, and cotton
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Who invented the cotton gin?
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Eli Whitney
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What increased the capability of famr production?
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McCormick Paper
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What issue split the country?
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Slavery
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What did the south resent against the north?
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North's large profits from marketing southern cotton crop
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What did politically correct people call slavery?
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Peculiar institution
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Why didn't the south feel responsible for the institution of slavery?
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Because it had been a way of life for over 200 years
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Who owned slaves?
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The minority of whites who had money?
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How many planters owned at least 20 slaves?
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46,274 people
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Why did the north hate slavery?
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The hated the poor treatment of slaves
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Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was a best-selling novel about the treatment of slaves.
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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What was the the main character in Uncle Tom's Cabin?
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Jim Crow
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What name was used to describe laws that were passed in the South after the war, which separated black from whites?
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Jim Crow
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When was the defeat in Mexico?
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1847
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What states were gained from Mexico?
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Arizona, Nevada, California, Utah, and parts of New Mexico
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In 1849, where was gold found?
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California
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What caused the Westward Expansion?
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The California gold rush
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What two peices of legislation answered the question of whether or not slavery should be extended into the new territories?
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The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
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What did the compromise of 1850 strictly enforced?
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The Fugitive Slave Act?
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What did the Fugitive slave act require?
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All runaway slaves had to be returned.
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How did slaves escape?
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Throught the underground railroad
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Was California admitted as a free or slave state.
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Free
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What is popular sovereignty?
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Popular sovereignty is the doctrine that government is created by and subject to the will of the people, who are the source of all political power.
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What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act abolish?
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the old "freedom line" set in the Missouri Compromise of 1820
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The provisions, of what act, repealed the Missouri compromise?
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act
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What was thearmed revolt that involved northern abolitionists called?
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Bleeding Kansas
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What two groups fought in Bleeding Kansas
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Northern abolishionists and slave holding southerners
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What was Dred Scott Vs. Sanford?
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A court case where Scott (a slave) was brought to a free territory then sent back to the south.
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What did Cheif Justice Roger Tainey rule on Dred Scott Vs. Sanford
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Scott wasn't a citizen so he couldn't argue for his freedom. He declared that slaves were property.
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What was John Brown famous for?
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He was an abolishionist who raided a federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry to start a slave revolt but Robert E. Lee captured him after 2 days and he was hung.
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What was John Brown depicted as?
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A Martyr
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What lead to seccession?
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Political unrest
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In 1858, who did Lincoln oppose for a US senate seat for Illinois?
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Stephen A Douglas
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What was Lincoln's saying at one of his historical debates?
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"A house divided against itself cannot stand."
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What is a station?
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A safe house
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What is a conductor?
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guided escapees
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What is a passenger?
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A runaway
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What is a monkey wrench?
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slave blacksmith
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What is a cross road?
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A city where ruanways wou8ld find protection (Cleveland, OH or Detroit Michigan)
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What craft sent messages on the underground railroad?
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Quilts
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Was Lincoln a simple person?
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No he was very complex
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T or F Lincoln was fiercely ambitious and firm in his purpose.
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True
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T or F Lincoln had formal schooling.
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False, he had almost no formal schooling
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T or F Lincoln served as a captain of the Missouri militia.
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False, he served as the captain of the Illinois militia.
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Ate what age had the state legisilature elected him?
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25 years old
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Where did he work at as while he was studing law?
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He worked in a store
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When did Lincoln re-enter the political arena?
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When the slavery debate grew hotter
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Name the four presidential canidates and their parties.
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Abraham Lincoln-Republican
Stephan A. Douglan-Democrate(N) John C. Breckenridge-Democrate (S) John Bell-Constitutional Union |
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What did Lincoln pledge?
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He would keep the union together.
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T or F. Lincoln was for slavery.
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False, he was against slavery
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Describe Lincoln's victory.
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Lincoln won an easy electorial victory, but had only a plurality of popular votes.
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What was Lincoln view of blacks?
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He thought they were inferior.
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Was Lincoln for immediate freedom of slaves?
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No
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Did he think blacks and whites could live together?
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No
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Where would Lincoln send the slaves to? Was this realistic?
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Liberia
No |
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What was he adament about?
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No sstate would be allowed to leave the Union without a fight.
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What did peace democrates negotiate for?
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The negotiated a way to let the "wayward sisters of the South go in to the federal government"
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What was the more radical people called for disloyalty to the federal government?
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Copperheads.
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What did Lincoln suspend?
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Rights to a speedy trial, to be charged with a specific crime when arrested, publication of some newspapers, voting in some border states, and arranged leave for some soldiers to go home and vote.
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T or F. Lincoln disregarded the Constitution.
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True
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What were Lincoln's actions deamed?
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Unconstitutional
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Where is Fort Sumter constructed on?
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An artificial island made of New England granite
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What harbor is it located in?
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Charleston Harbor
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Who took command of Fort Sumter on Dec. 26th, 1860?
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Major Robert Anderson, a West Point graduate and instructor
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Who was 2nd in command?
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Captain Abner Doubleday
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When did South Caroline succeed?
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Dec. 20, 1860
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T or F Carolinians quickly seized federal property.
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True
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Name two qualities of Beauregard.
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engineer
artist |
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Who educated Beauregard?
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Maj. Anderson
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Since when did Beauregard lay seige against Fort Sumter and ask for surrender?
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January
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Did Anderson surrender?
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No, but he said he'd would be starved out in a few days
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How many rounds were fired and how many people were killed/wounded?
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40,000 rounds and there were no casualties
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Who was the first to die from the civil war (an ember causing an explosion from celebrating)
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Union Private Daniel Hough
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Name the states that succeeded in order.
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South Carolina
Mississippi Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana Texas Virginia Arkansas Tennessee North Carolina |
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Name the three geographic areas the war was fought at.
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1. Between Richmond and Washington D.C.
2. In the valley of Ohio, Cumberland, adn Tennessee Rivers 3. Along the Mississippi River to New Orleans |
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Where is Bull Run located at?
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15 miles from Washington D.C.
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Did the south fight defensively or offensively?
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Defensively (they would not attack the Union first)
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Were both armies inexperience at the Battle of Bull Run?
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Yes
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Who did the early hours favor?
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The Union
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Were the Union troops reinforced? If, so where did they come from?
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Yes, Harper's Ferry
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Which side did Thomas Jackson fight for?
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The Confederates
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What was Thomas Jacksons nickname? How did he get it?
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Thomas 'Stonewall' Jackson; a general noted to his troops "There stands Jackson like a stonewall"
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What did Jackson order his troops to do?
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"Scream like furries"
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Who did Lincoln replace the Union Commander (Winfield Scott) with?
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George B. McClellan
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Who hindered the Union retreat?
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Civiallians who had picknicked and watched the battle
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Who commanded the Western army?
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Grant
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How did he try to split the south?
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He captured cities along the Ohio, Mississippi, Cumberland, adn Tennessee Rivers
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Who captured the port of New Orleans?
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David Farragit
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How long did the battle of Monitor and Merrimac take and what did the ships do?
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It took 4 hrs and both ships retired to the safety of their own harbor
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What ships did the southern merrimac attack?
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Norhtern ships that blockaded the port at Norfolk.
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How long after did the iron clad (monitor) attack?
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1 day
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Did the blockade stand?
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Yes
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Who attacked the 2nd Bull Run?
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McClellan
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Who won the 2nd Bull Run?
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Confederates
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What did defeats mean to the Union?
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enlistments feel
people hesitated to buy bonds desertions increased Lincoln and his cabinet were to blame |
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What was the bloodiest day of the war?
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Antietam
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Who begins his first attempt to invade the North?
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Robert E. Lee
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When did the single most deadly day occur?
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September 17, 1862
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How many troops were either killed or missing?
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26000
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How many did the confederates lose?
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14000
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What served as informal boundary between North and South?
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The Pontomac
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Who was at its high tide after the 1st year and 9 major battles?
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The Confederacy
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What did Lincoln do after the Antietam?
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He issued his Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation.
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How many slaves were freed from the proclamation?
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None
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Because enlistments feel, what did the Union have to do in March of 1863?
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Start a draft law
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T or F blacks couldn't join the union army
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False they could, they were paid $7.00 (1/3 of white soldiers)
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Did whites or blacks suffer more casualties?
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Blacks
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What did Lincoln sign into law in Aug. 1861?
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The first income tax
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How did the far west keep up with the news of the war?
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The telegraph
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After men from the West came to help, what did the Native Americans do to settlers?
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They attacked them
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Who was leading one of the most successful campaigns in the west?
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Grant
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What did Grant do?
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He isolated Vicksburg and laid seige to the south's last strong hold on the Mississippi River
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What battle killed Jackson?
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Battle of Chancellorsville (Northeast Virginaia)
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Who won the Battle of Chancellorsville?
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The Confederates
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What did General George G. Meade do?
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He followed the confederate Army North to Gettysburg
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How many people died at Gettysburg?
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165000 died in the single greatest battle
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On Day 1 (July 1) Lee has what advantage that he fails to do?
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He fails to establish the confederates of the high ground.
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What is the union line shaped like?
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A fish hook
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Who controls the high ground on Day 2 (July 2)?
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The Union
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What is the line on Cemetary Ridge in which Lee attacks known as?
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Picketts Charge
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What is Gettysburg known as?
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The turning point of the war
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How many years does the fight continue on after Gettysburg?
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2 years
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What did the surrender of Vicksburg give the north?
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They had control of the Mississippi River and split the South.
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What two generals deveastate the south?
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Sherman and Sheridan
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What two main cities did they attack in Georgia?
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Atlanta and Savannah
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What was Grant known as?
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Unconditional surrender Grant
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What were the terms of the surrender?
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confederates would cease hostilities
Sign letters supporting the union Confederate soldiers could keep their swords and horses |
