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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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barter |
to exchange goods for goods
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usury |
practice of charging interest for the use of lent money |
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guilds |
formed to regulate the business activities of a given town |
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Black Death |
killed one-fourth of Europe's population during the fourteenth century |
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vernacular |
the common spoken language |
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troubadours |
wandering minstrels who traveled from castle to castle singing songs of love and adventure |
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longbow |
weapon that greatly aided the English during the Hundred Years' War |
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Tudor |
family that ruled England as a result of the War of the Roses |
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Reconquista |
Spanish effort to drive out the Moors from Spain |
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Ferdinand and Isabella |
married, creating the nation of Spain |
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Hapsburg |
family that took control of Austria and her possessions |
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Boniface VIII |
humiliated by Philip IV of France |
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Anselm |
earliest scholastic thinker; used logical arguments |
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Aquinas |
Summa Theologica |
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Bacon |
English Scientist |
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Chaucer |
wrote about pilgrims traveling to Becket's shrine; gives a good picture of medieval English life |
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Dante |
wrote about an imaginary journey through hell, purgatory, and paradise |
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Joan of Arc |
motivated the French to fight in the Hundred Years' War |
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moneychangers |
were important for the ability to judge the approximate value of coins |
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cathedrals and monasteries |
the primary centers of education during the Middle Ages |
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Great Schism |
time period in which more than one pope claimed supremacy |
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Where did we get our word for bank? |
from the Italian banca, which means "bench" referring to a moneychanger's table |
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What factors contributed to the growth of towns in medieval Europe? |
1. renewed trade 2. better farming methods 3. a larger European population |
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List three factors that aided a revival of learning during the twelfth century. |
1. improved political and economic conditions 2. exposure to Byzantine and Arab cultures 3. increased need for education due to the expanded function of government
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What clouded the work of medieval science? |
magic and superstition |
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What two nations fought during the Hundred Years' War? What were the dates for this War? |
England and France; 1337-1453 |
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Which side won most of the battles of the Hundred Years' War? Which side won the war? |
England; France |
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Which area gained a monopoly on Mediterranean trade? |
Italy |
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What is the correct order, from lowest to highest, of the members of a craft guild? |
apprentice, journeyman, master |
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List three things the middle class accomplished during the Middle Ages. |
1. contributed to the decline of the feudal system 2. threatened the position of the nobility in society 3. weakened the political authority of the noblemen |
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In what form did vernacular literature first develop? |
long narrative poems |
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What influenced art and architecture most during the Middle Ages? |
the church |
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What are both Francis of Assisi and Bernard of Clairvaux credited with writing? |
medieval hymns |
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The real power in Germany, as evidenced by the control of the Diet, was in the hands of whom? |
the nobility |
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What were the causes of the Hundred Year's War? What effect did this war have on England? on France? |
Causes: English landholding in France, French attempt to take Flanders, death of last Capetian king Impact on England: turned English kings from French interests so that they worked on building their power in England Impact of French: stirred French nationalism and contributed to the strengthening of royal power |
