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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The European Civilization Emerged From... |
1. Greci-Roman Culture 2. Germanic Tribal Culture 3. Christian Religion |
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T/F: The Early Middle Ages were primitive compared to the Byzantine and Islamic civilizations. |
True |
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What does it mean to say that Germanic Kingdoms were hybrid societies? |
They were composed of both Romans and Germanics. |
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Relation of Germanics and Romans in Germanic Kingdoms |
1. Germanic Warrior Elite Ruled 2. Roman survivors controlled economic resources 3. Most of Roman government survived, but Romans were excluded from government. 4. Most Germans Arian, Romans were Catholic. |
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Germanic Invasion of Britain in EMA |
1. Angles took Northumbria and Mercia 2. Jutes took Wessex 3. Saxons took East Anglia |
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The Slavic Tribes were ________ and originated in _______ |
Indo-European, Central Asia |
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Three Branches of Slavs: |
Western, Eastern, and Southern Slavs |
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Western Slavs |
Ancestors of modern Poles, Czechs, and Slovaks |
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Eastern Slavs |
Ancestors of modern Russians, Ukrainians, and Byelorussians |
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Southern Slavs |
Ancestors of modern Serbs,Croats, Slovenians, Montenegrins, Bulgarians |
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Traits of German Culture |
1. Tribal society 2. War and agriculture 3. Polytheistic Religion—Nordic gods 4. Illiterate 5. Incest widely practiced. |
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Traits of Germanic Law |
1. Trial by Ordeal or Combat 2. Compurgation 3. Blood Feuds 4. Wergeld |
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Blood Feud |
Family of injured party takes revenge on the kin of the wrongdoer. |
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Compurgation |
Swearing of an oath by the accused person, backed up by a group of "oathhelpers" numbering twelve or twenty-five, who would also swear that the accused person should be believed. |
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Wergeld |
"Money for a man." Amount paid by a wrongdoer to the family of the person who had been injured or killed. |
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Clovis |
1. Transformed Franks into a major military power 2. Converted Franks to Catholic Christianity 3. Began Merovingian Dynasty 4. Borrowed heavily from Roman traditions and institutions. |
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Laboratores |
"Those who work." Peasant Farmers |
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Bellatores |
"Those who fight." Soldiers. |
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Oratores |
"Those who pray." Monks and Priests. |
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Role of Church in Medieval Society |
1. Aided Kings in Building States. 2. Provided Constitutions and Legal Systems. 3. Monopoly on Literacy and Learning. 4. Converted barbarians, ended incest. 5. Assumed secular functions—political and administrative. |
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EMA had a(n) __________ economy. |
Agricultural
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Pope Gregory I |
• Developed Doctrines of Penance and Purgatory • Created Gregorian Chant • Established Political Control Over Rome, Creates Papal States • Alliance With Benedictine Monks • Policy of assimilating Pagan beliefs and practices |
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What changed from Early Christianity? |
• Emphasis on administration, institutions. • Ritualization of worship • Assimilation of pagan customs • disgust with immorality of urban life • Opportunities for martyrdom no longer existed. |
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Early Monasticism |
Based on the model of the solitary hermit who forsakes all civilized society to pursue spirituality. |
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Saint Simeon the Stylite |
Lived for three decades in a basket atop a pillar more than 60 feet high. |
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Monasteries after St. Benedict |
1. Abbot ("father") had absolute authority 2. Vows of poverty, chastity, obedience 3. Rejected extreme asceticism 4. Prayer, manual labor 5. Economically self-sufficient. |
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Benedictine Conversation of Ireland |
1. Saint Patrick the "founder of Irish Christianity." 2. Irish Christians were extremely ascetic. 3. Assimilated pagan practices. 4. Became fervent missionaries. |
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Charles Martel |
• Charles “the Hammer” Martel (r.714-741) • Mayor of the Palace • Defeats Muslims at Battle of Tours 732 • Military Innovations • Strengthens Frankish-Papal Alliance, invitesBenedictine monks to convert the people |
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Kingdom of the Franks: Carolingian Dynasty |
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