Weather

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Air Mass

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A body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure.

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Anticyclone

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A weather system with high atmospheric pressure at its center, around which air slowly circulates in a clockwise (northern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (southern hemisphere) direction. Anticyclones are associated with calm, fine weather.

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Artic Air Mass

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Colder air masses are termed polar or arctic, while warmer air masses are deemed tropical. Continental and superior air masses are dry while maritime and monsoon air masses are moist. Weather fronts separate air masses with different density (temperature and/or moisture) characteristics.

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Calorie

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either of two units of heat energy.

the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 °C (now usually defined as 4.1868 joules).

noun: small calorie; plural noun: small calories

the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water through 1 °C, equal to one thousand small calories and often used to measure the energy value of foods.

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Cold Front

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the boundary of an advancing mass of cold air, in particular the trailing edge of the warm sector of a low-pressure system.

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Continental Air Mass

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Continental Polar air masses (cP) are air masses that are cold and dry due to their continental source region. Continental polar air masses that affect North America form over interior Canada. A Continental Tropical Air Mass is a type of tropical air produced over subtropical arid regions; it is hot and very dry.

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Convergence

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a location where airflows or ocean currents meet, characteristically marked by upwelling (of air) or downwelling (of water).

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Cyclone

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A system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression.

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Divergence

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Divergence is when mass is spreading away from a point. this is common in weather when air currents force air masses apart. upper level divergence is a prime ingredient for convection and often triggers severe storms. divergence also happens in the ocean which leads to upwelling of cool, nutrient rich waters.

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Electro Magnetic Energy

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A form of energy that is reflected or emitted from objects in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through space. There are many forms of electromagnetic energy including gamma rays, x rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves and radio waves.

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Electro Magnetic Spectrum

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The entire spectrum, considered as a continuum, of all kinds of electric, magnetic, and visible radiation, from gamma rays having a wavelength of 0.001 angstrom to long waves having a wavelength of more than 1 million km.

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Evaporation

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Evaporation is the process of a substance in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or pressure. Evaporation is a fundamental part of the water cycle and is constantly occurring throughout nature.

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Front

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The boundary between two air masses that have different temperatures or humidity. In the mid-latitude areas of the Earth, where warm tropical air meets cooler polar air, the systems of fronts define the weather and often cause precipitation to form.

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Heat

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A form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules and capable of being transmitted through solid and fluid media by conduction, through fluid media by convection, and through empty space by radiation.

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Heat of Fusion

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The heat of fusion, also known as the latent heat of fusion, is a category of latent heat describing the energy for the phase change between a liquid and a solid to occur without a change in temperature.

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Heat of vaporization

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Substances exist in three different phases: solid, liquid and gas. Heating and cooling a substance can transform it from one phase to another. Vaporization is the phase change that occurs when a liquid is transformed to a gas.

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High Pressure System

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A high pressure system is a whirling mass of cool, dry air that generally brings fair weather and light winds. When viewed from above, winds spiral out of a high-pressure center in a clockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere. These bring sunny skies.

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Kinetic Energy

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Energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.

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Latent Heat

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The heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without change of temperature

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Low Pressure System

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A low pressure system is a whirling mass of warm, moist air that generally brings stormy weather with strong winds. When viewed from above, winds spiral into a low-pressure center in a counterclockwise rotation in the Northern Hemisphere. A low pressure system is represented as a big, red L.

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Maritime Air Mass

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Maritime tropical air masses originate over the warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico, where heat and moisture are transferred to the overlying air from the waters below. The northward movement of tropical air masses transports warm moist air into the United States, increasing the potential for precipitation.

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Occluded Front

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A composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft.

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Test

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Test