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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are waves? |
They transmitted energy from one place to another |
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What are longitudinal waves? |
Where the particles move paralell to the direction of the wave e.g. sound waves |
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What are transverse waves? |
Where the particles in the wave move perpendicular to the direction of the wave e.g. microwaves |
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What are mechanical waves? |
Waves which happen in matter and require particles |
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What are electromagnetic waves? |
They are varying/changing electric and magnetic fields which don't require particles |
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What is the electromagnetic spectrum? |
A continuous range of wavelengths |
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What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum? |
Radio LONGEST WAVELENGTH+ LOWEST ENERGY + FREQUENCY Microwaves Infrared Light Ultra violet X rays Gamma |
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Uses of the electromagnetic spectrum |
Radio: tv signals, navigation Microwaves: cooking, mobile phones Infrared: optical fibre communication, thermal imaging Light: seeing Ultraviolet: detecting forged money, kills microbes, can cause cancer X rays: medical images of bones, bag checking Gamma: kills cancer cells, preserves strawberries |
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What speed does the electromagnetic spectrum travel at? |
3×10 to the 8 m/s This is the speed of light |
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What is the amplitude of a wavelength? |
The crest or trough to the centre line |
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What measurement do you measure waves in? |
Metres |
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What is wavelength? |
The length of one full wave measured in metres |
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What is frequency? |
The number of waves passing a point in a single second. It is measured in hertz |
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What is wave speed? |
How far the wave travels per second |
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What is the equation for wavelength? |
V= f× >\ V= wave speed F= frequency >\= wavelength |
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What is sound caused by? |
Vibrations |
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What is the normal range of human hearing? |
20Hz to 20000 Hz |
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What do soft materials do? |
Absorb sound |
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What do hard material do? |
Reflect sound |
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What is the equation for speed? |
Speed=distance ÷ time |
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What is the speed of sound in water? |
1500m/s |
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What is ultra sound and it's uses? |
They are ultra high frequency sound waves used for: cleaning jewellery, detecting cracks in metal objects, scanning babies |
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What is the speed of sound in aluminium? |
4000m/s |
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What can sound waves do? |
Be reflected, refracted, or diffracted |
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What is the angle of incidence always equal to? |
The angle of reflection |
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What does a plane mirror look like? |
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How does a concave mirror reflect? |
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How does a convex mirror reflect? |
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What is refraction, and how does it happen? |
This is when light waves change speed between 2 different substances and causes it to change direction When it enters the different substance it slows down and bends towards the normal. When it leaves it speeds up and bends away from the normal |
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What is diffraction? |
The spreading out of a wave when it hits an object or passes through a gap |
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What is the doppler effect? |
The doppler effect is a change in frequency and wavelength as an object is going towards you and away from you |
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What is optical fibre and how does it work? |
Optical fibres can carry viable light over long distances. They work by bouncing off bouncing off the inner core of glass because of total internal refraction. Optical fibre can be used to carry information coded in light or infrared signals. They can carry more information than a cable of the same size |
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What are the 2 types of seismic wave? |
Primary waves (P) Secondary (S) |
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What kind of wave is a p wave? |
Longitudinal |
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What kind of wave is an s wave? |
Transversal |
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What do p waves travel through? |
The core. They refract through it while s waves repel before it |
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Why does the dispersion of white light happen? |
The light reflects at different angles |
