Water Pollution

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Water Pollution

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Degradation of water quality.

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Fecal Coliform

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anaerobic bacteria, used as a standard measure and indicator of disease potential.

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Secondary Treatment

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Further treatment of sewage effluent by biological methods following sedimentation.

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Wastewater Treatment

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Process to convert wastewater into an effluent that can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused.

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Dead Zone

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Reduced level of O2 in the water. (Hypoxia)

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Aquifer

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A body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.

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Leachate

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Water that has percolated through a solid and leached out some of the constituents.

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Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

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Amount of O2 required for biochemical decomposition.

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Point Source Pollution

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Sources of pollution that are readily identified and stationary.

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Tertiary Treatment

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Advanced form of wastewater treatment involving chemical treatment or advanced filtration.

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Runoff

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Draining away of water from the surface of an area of land.

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pH

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Figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale of 7.

Lower = More acid. Higher= Less acid

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Hypoxia

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deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.

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Environmental Law

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Law concerning the conversation and use of natural resources and the control of pollution.

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Non-Point Source Pollution

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Pollution sources that are diffused and intermittent and are influenced by factors such as land use, climate, hydrology, topography, native vegetation, and geology.

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Effluent Discharge

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Liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea; outflow from a sewage treatment facility.

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Watershed

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Area of land that forms the drainage of a stream or river.

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Dissolved Oxygen

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Microscopic bubbles of gaseous O2 that are mixed in water and available to aquatic organisms for respiration.

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Methane Gas

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Molecule of carbon and four hydrogen atoms. It is a naturally occurring gas in the atmosphere, on of the so-called greenhouse gases.

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Contaminants (water)

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Something that makes a place or a substance no longer suitable for use.

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Primary Treatment

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Removal of large particles and organic materials from wastewater through screening.

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Water Renovation and Conservation

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The practice of applying wastewater to the land.

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Eutrophication

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Increase in the concentration of chemical elements required for living things.

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Chlorination

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Addition or substitution of chlorine in organic compounds.

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Activated sludge

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Aerated sewage containing aerobic microorganisms that help to break it down.