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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fine grout, course grout |
1 part portland cement, 2-1/4 to 3 parts sand, and not more than 1/10 part hydrated lime or lime putty. For wider grout spaces, coarse grout is used, composed of 1 part portland cement, 2-1/4 to 3 parts sand, and 1 to 2 parts pea gravel, to which may be added not more than 1/10 part hydrated lime or lime putty. All grout must have a minimum compressive strength of 2,000 psi at 28 days. |
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active pressure |
The pressure exerted by the retained earth against the stem |
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Surcharge |
Verti- cal load behind the wall or a sloping ground surface increases the earth pressure against the wall, and both are known as surcharge. |
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Soil pressure in a retaining wall |
zero at the top to a maximum at the bottom equal to 30 times the height of the wall. Center of pressure is 1/3 from the base |
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Bending moment of retaining wall stem |
The bending moment at the base is equal to the total earth pressure multiplied by the distance from the centroid of the triangle to the base |
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Prevent overturning on retaining wall |
Overturning may be prevented by making the base sufficiently wide so that the dead load resisting moment is at least 1.5 times the over- turning moment caused by the earth pressure. |
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If a footing is overstress in shear |
Increase the thickness of footing |
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Footing sizing formulas |
Quiz questions 7 and 9 |
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Hydrostatic Pressure |
Water is 62.4 lb per sf |
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Railings per ibc load req |
(1) a load of 50 pounds per lineal foot applied in any direction to the top of the railing, and (2) a concentrated load of 200 pounds applied in any direction at any point along the top of the railing. |
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Live load reduction formula |
R = 0.08(A – 150) The live load reduction must not exceed 40% for horizontal members, 60% for vertical mem- bers |
