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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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one of the elements of group 2 of the periodic table
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alkaline earth metals
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a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
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Period
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matter smaller than an atom
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Subatomic particles
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a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
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compund
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a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
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neutron
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a measure of how readily an element will combine with another element to form a compound
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reactivity
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the scientist who developed the first scientifically based theory of the atom; his theory had five postulates
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dalton
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an atom's central region
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nucleus
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7 elements that always occur in pairs in nature; HONClBrIF
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diatomic elements
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the scientist responsible for the Solar System model of the atom: the first person to place electrons into energy levels
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bohr
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unreactive elements of Group 8A of the periodic table
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noble gases
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a vertical column of elements in the periodic table that share chemical properties
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groups
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scientist who discovered that the atom is mostly empty space and has a small, dense nucleus
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rutherford
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a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
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element
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electrons that do not participate in chemical reactions
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inner core electrons
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the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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mass number
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one of the elements of Group 7A of the periodic table
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halogens
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one of the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table
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alkali metals
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an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons
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isotope
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equivalent to the charge on an atom or ion
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oxidation number
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an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge
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ion
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a subatomic particle that has a negative charge
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electron
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scientist who discovered the electron and developed the 'Plumb Pudding Model" of the atom
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Thompson
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the sum of the atomic masses of all of the elements in a compound
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molar mass
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ancient philosopher who coined the term "atomos"
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democruitus
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an ion made of two or more atoms
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polyatomic ions
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number
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where electrons were placed in the solar system model
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energy levels
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the mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units
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atomic mass
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outer level of electrons that participate in reactions
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valence
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according to the modern theory, a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons.
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orbitals
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a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom
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proton
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the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
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atom
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