Vocab T And B Cell Development

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1) adhesive molecules

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1) surface molecules that bind counter molecules on other cells causing close contact between the cells

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2) afferent lymphatics

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2) lymphatic vessels that enter the lymph nodes

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3) alpha-beta TCR

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3) refers to the T cell antigen heterodimeric receptor on more than 90% of the T cells

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4) alternative splicing

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4) the process by which mRNA is spliced to create either a mu or a delta heavy chain constant region

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anergy

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5) the process by which a stimulus causes cells to become non responsive

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apoptosis

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6) the process by which cells undergo self induced suicide

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autoreactive

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7) refers to immunological responses against self antigens

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BCR

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8) the B cell receptor- refers to the antigen specific receptor on B cells

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CD19

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9) a molecule that is present on all B cells- therefore a panmarker

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CD3

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10) a molecule that is present on all T cells- therefore a panmarker

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CD79a

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11) expressed in association with CD79b – the complex is expressed on the cell surface with BCR

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CD79b

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12) expressed in association with CD79a – the complex is expressed on the cell surface with BCR

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13) combinatorial diversity

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13) a term that refers to the multitude of gene segments that comprise variable regions of BCR and TCR

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14) death by neglect

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) refers to the phenomenon by which developing thymocytes die because they do not receive appropriate
signals

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15) diversity (D)

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a gene segment that encodes a segment of the heavy chain Ig or the chain of the TCR but not light chain or
TCRalpha

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16) down regulation

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16) the process by which expression of cell surface molecules is decreased

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17) efferent lymphatics

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17) lymphatic vessels that leave tissues

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18) gamma-delta TCR

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18) refers to the T cell antigen heterodimeric receptor on about 10 % of the T cells

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19) germline DNA

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19) refers to genomic DNA, -- DNA that has not been altered by recombination events

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glycocalyx

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20) a prominent filamentous layer on the surface of specialized endothelial cells

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21) high endothelial venules

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specialized post capillary venules that serve as sites for lymphocytes to exit blood and enter lymph node
parenchyma

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integrin

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22) adhesion molecules that induce firm contact between cells that have appropriate counter molecules

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23) joining (J)

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segment of DNA that encodes for a segment of the light and heavy chain variable regions (as well as TCR alpha-beta)

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24) junctional diversity

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the heterogeneity that results from either the removal or addition of bases at the junction of DNA segments
V, D, J

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kappa

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25) one of the two light chain constant regions (the other is lambda)

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26) L selectin

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26) a molecule whose interaction with counter molecules causes lymphocytes to roll on the endothelium

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lambda

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27) one of the two light chain constant regions (the other is kappa)

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28) lineage commitment

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28) the process during T cell development in which CD8+, CD4+ thymocytes become CD8+ or CD4+ only

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29) matrix metalloproteinases

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) enzymes that cause the degradation of endothelial cell wall to allow cells to pass from the blood vessels to
tissues

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mIg

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30) membrane immunoglobulin, same as BCR

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31) negative selection

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destruction of developing thymocytes as a result of strong signals when thymocytes interact with thymic
epithelium

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panmarker

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32) refers to a cell surface molecule present on a particular cell type and not usually present on other cells

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33) positive selection

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33) the proliferation of developing thymocytes when they receive the appropriate signals

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preBCR

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34) the precursor complex expressed on developing B cells prior to the expression of the BCR complex

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pre-Talpha

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the chain that associates with the beta chain TCR to form a precursor complex on developing T cells in the
thymus

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36) pseudo light chain

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36) the chain that associates with the heavy chain to form a precursor complex on developing B cells

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37) recombination activating genes (RAG-1 , RAG-2)

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genes that encode proteins required for somatic recombination of variable region of B cell or T cell antigen
receptors

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38) somatic recombination

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the process by which DNA segments are rearranged to form a variable region for either the B cell or T cell
receptor

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TCR

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39) the T cell receptor on the majority of T cells – it recognizes antigen-MHC complexes

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TCRalpha

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40) the alpha chain of the T cell receptor

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TCRbeta

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41) the beta chain of the T cell receptor

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42) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

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an enzyme capable of catalyzing the template independent insertion of nucleotides between variable region
segments

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43) tolerance induction

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43) the process by which the immune system remains non responsive to self antigens

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transcription

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44) the process by which DNA is converted to RNA

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translation

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45) the process by which RNA is converted to protein

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46) triggering threshold

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46) the level of signal intensity beyond which cells are destroyed

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47) variable (V)

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47) the region present in each chain of the B cell and T cell antigen recognizing receptors