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130 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major functions of Vitamin A?
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Vision; Eye and skin health
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin A?
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Carrots, Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a deficiency of Vitamin A?
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Xerophthalmia, Night blindness
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What is the result of a toxicity of Vitamin A?
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High toxicity, results in birth defects.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin D?
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Calcium absorption and bone health.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin A?
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Vision; Eye and skin health
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin A?
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Carrots, Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a deficiency of Vitamin A?
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Xerophthalmia, Night blindness
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What is the result of a toxicity of Vitamin A?
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High toxicity, results in birth defects.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin D?
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Calcium absorption and bone health.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin A?
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Vision; Eye and skin health
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin A?
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Carrots, Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a deficiency of Vitamin A?
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Xerophthalmia, Night blindness
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What is the result of a toxicity of Vitamin A?
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High toxicity, results in birth defects.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin D?
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Calcium absorption and bone health.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin A?
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Vision; Eye and skin health
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin A?
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Carrots, Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a deficiency of Vitamin A?
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Xerophthalmia, Night blindness
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What is the result of a toxicity of Vitamin A?
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High toxicity, results in birth defects.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin D?
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Calcium absorption and bone health.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin A?
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Vision; Eye and skin health
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin A?
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Carrots, Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a deficiency of Vitamin A?
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Xerophthalmia, Night blindness
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What is the result of a toxicity of Vitamin A?
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High toxicity, results in birth defects.
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What are the major functions of Vitamin D?
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Calcium absorption and bone health.
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What are the dietary sources for Vitamin D?
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Fortified dairy products, Sunlight
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What is the result of a Vitamin D deficiency?
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Rickets in children, Osteomalacia in adults
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What is the result of a Vitamin D toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity
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What are the major functions of Vitamin E?
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Antioxidant
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What are the dietary sources for Vitamin E?
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Hemolysis (RBC death)
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What is the result of toxicity of Vitamin E?
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Low toxicity; muscle weakness
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What are the major functions of Vitamin K?
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Blood clotting, bone health
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What are the dietary sources for Vitamin K?
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Leafy green vegetables
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What is the result of a Vitamin K deficiency?
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Hemorrhage
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What is the result of a Vitamin K toxicity?
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None
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What are the major functions of Thiamin?
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Carbohydrate metabolism
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What are the dietary sources of Thiamin?
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Pork, Enriched grains
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What is the result of a Thiamin deficiency?
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Beriberi
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What is the result of a Thiamin Toxicity?
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None
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What are the major functions of Riboflavin?
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Energy metabolism
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What are the dietary sources for Riboflavin?
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Milk/dairy products, Enriched grains
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What are the results of a deficiency in Riboflavin?
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Cheilosis, swollen lips
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What are the results of a toxicity in Riboflavin?
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None
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What are the major functions of Niacin?
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Energy metabolism
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What are the dietary sources for Niacin?
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Meats, Enriched grains
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What is the result of a deficiency of Niacin?
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Pellegra
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What is the result of a toxicity of Niacin?
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Low toxicity, flushing of skin
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What are the major functions of Vitamin B-6?
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Protein & amino acid metabolism
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin B-6?
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Animal foods, Bananas
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What are the results of a deficiency of Vitamin B-6?
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Nervous system disorders
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What is the result of a Vitamin B-6 toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity, nerve disorders
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What are the major functions of Folate?
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Red blood cell formation
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What are the dietary sources of Folate?
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Green leafy vegetables, enriched grains
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What are the results of a Folate deficiency?
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Megaloblastic anemia, birth defects
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What are the results of a Folate toxicity?
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Low, but notable, masks B-12 deficiency
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What are the major functions of vitamin B-12?
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Red blood cell formation
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin B-12?
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Animal foods
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What are the results of a deficiency of Vitamin B-12?
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Pernicious anemia
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What are the results of a toxicity of Vitamin B-12?
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None
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What are the major functions of Pantothenic Acid?
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Fat and CHO metabolism
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What are the dietary sources of Pantothenic Acid?
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Widely distributed in meats, milk, vegetables ect
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What are the results of a deficiency in Pantothenic Acid?
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Rare
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What are the major functions of Biotin?
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Fat and CHO metabolism
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What are the dietary sources of Biotin?
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Egg yolks, peanuts
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What are the results of a deficiency in Biotin?
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Rare
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What are the results of a toxicity of Biotin?
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None
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What are the major functions of Vitamin C?
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Collagen synthesis, antioxidant, Iron absorption
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What are the dietary sources of Vitamin C?
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Citrus fruit/juice, other fruits and vegetables
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What are the results of a Vitamin C deficiency?
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Scurvy
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What are the results of a Vitamin C toxicity?
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Low, diarrhea
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What are the major functions of Choline?
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Nervous system health
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What are the dietary sources of Choline?
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Widely distributed
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What are the results of a Choline deficiency?
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Rare
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What are the results of a Choline toxicity?
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Low, fishy body odor
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What are the functions of Iron?
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Hemoglobin, energy metabolism, brain function
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What are the dietary sources of Iron?
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Red meats, Enriched grains
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What are the results of an Iron deficiency?
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Microcytic hypochromic anemia
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What are the results of an Iron toxicity?
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High toxicity, Iron overload, poisoning
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What are the functions of Iodine?
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Thyroid hormone component
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What are the dietary sources of Iodine?
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Iodized salt, saltwater fish
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What are the results of deficiency in Iodine?
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Goiter, Cretinism
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What are the results of toxicity in Iodine?
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Moderate toxicity, excess seaweed consumption
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What are the major functions of Zinc?
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Growth and sexual development, wound healing
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What are the dietary sources of Zinc?
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Seafood, meats, greens, whole grains
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What are the results of Zinc deficiency?
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Dwarfism
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What are the results of Zinc toxicity?
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moderate toxicity, decreased copper absorption
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What are the major functions of Copper?
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Iron metabolism, hemoglobin synthesis
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What are the major dietary sources of Copper?
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Whole grains, legumes, nuts
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What are the results of Copper deficiency?
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Anemia, poor growth, heart disease
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What are the results of Copper toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity, vomiting, liver damage
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What are the major functions of Chromium?
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Blood glucose regulation, insulin function
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What are the dietary sources of Chromium?
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Egg yolks, whole grains, nuts, pork, beer
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What are the results of Chromium deficiency?
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Elevated blood glucose after eating
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What are the results of Chromium toxicity?
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High toxicity, from industry pollution
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What are the major functions of Fluoride?
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Strengthens tooth enamel, resists dental caries
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What are the dietary sources of Fluoride?
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Fluoridated water and toothpaste
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What are the results of Fluoride deficiency?
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Dental caries risk
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What are the results of Fluoride toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity, mottled teeth, bone damage
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What are the major functions of Selenium?
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Antioxidant enzymes
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What are the dietary sources of Selenium?
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Meat, eggs, fish, seafoods
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What are the results of Selenium deficiency?
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Muscle pain, weakness, heart disease
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What are the results of Selenium toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity, nausea, hair loss
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What are the major functions of Calcium?
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Bone formation
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What are the dietary sources of Calcium?
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Milk and dairy products
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What are the results of calcium deficiency?
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Osteoporosis
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What are the results of calcium toxicity?
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Low toxicity, kidney stones
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What are the major functions of Phosphorous?
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Intracellular negative ion, bones and teeth
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What are the dietary sources of Phosphorous?
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Dairy products, carbonated soft drinks
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What are the results of Phosphorus deficiency?
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Rare
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What are the results of Phosphorus toxicity?
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Low toxicity, bone disorders
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What are the main functions of Sodium?
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Extracellular positive ion, H2O balance
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What are the dietary sources of Sodium?
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table salt and processed foods
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What are the results of a deficiency in Sodium?
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Fairly rare, muscle cramps
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What are the results of toxicity in Sodium?
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Moderate toxicity, hypertension, calcium loss in urine
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What are the major functions of Potassium?
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Intracellular positive ion, H2O balance
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What are the dietary sources of Potassium?
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Fruits, vegetables, milk, grains, meats
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What are the results of Potassium deficiency?
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Rare, irregular heart rate
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What are the results of Potassium toxicity?
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None, only with kidney disease
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What are the major functions of Chloride?
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Extracellular negative ion H2O balance
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What are the dietary sources of Chloride?
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Table salt, processed foods
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What are the results of Chloride deficiency?
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Rare
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What are the results of Chloride toxicity?
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Moderate toxicity, hypertension with Sodium
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What are the major functions of Magnesium?
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Bone formation enzymes
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What are the dietary sources of Magnesium?
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Whole grains, nuts, beans
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What are the results of Magnesium deficiency?
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Weakness, muscle pain
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What are the results of Magnesium toxicity?
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Low toxicity, only from non-food sources
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What are the major functions of sulfur?
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Amino acids and vitamins
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What are dietary sources of sulfur?
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Protein foods
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What are the results of Sulfur deficiency?
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None, if protein intake is sufficient
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What are the results of Sulfur toxicity?
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None
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