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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bacteriophage
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virus that infects a bacterium
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capside
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protects outer core
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host cell
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viruses use a host cell to replicate
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retrovirus
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HIV infects white blood cells that are important to our immune system
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reverse transcriptase
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makes dna from rna with this enzyme
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lysis
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bursting of a cell
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archaebacteria
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most ancient, live in extreme conditions
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eubacteria
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true bacteria. most common. autotroph
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saprophytes
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live off death/waste
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gram staining
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distinguishes 2 groups of bacteria by composition of their cell walls
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coccus
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sphere shaped
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bacilli
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rod shaped
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spirillium
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spiral shaped
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capsule
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most infectious bacteria have this as protection
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cell walls
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prevent osmotic ruptures
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antibodies
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punch holes in the cell wall
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binary fission
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asexual reproduction
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conjugation
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sexual reproduction
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obligate aerobes
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bacteria must live in oxygen
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obligate anaerobes
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libes only in oxygen- free environment
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endospores
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case bacteria encases itself in when conditions are poor
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bacteria
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-fixes nitrogen for plants
- recycles death -digestion -release toxins |
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mechanical barriers
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skin, mucous membrane, cilia
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chemical barriers
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enzymes, acidic urine, stomach acid
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biological barriers
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living organisms on skin/stomach
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inflammatory response
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1st reaction to damage. cytokines and histamines communicate with other cells and coordinate repsonse
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luekocytes
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white blood cells. fight infection. repsond to nonspecific defense
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antibodies
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large Y shaped proteins that recognize and bind to antigens
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memory cells
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help us remember antigen/pathogen
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t cells
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host cells for HIV
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