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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the range of sizes for viruses? |
They are usually between 20-400nm. |
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What are viruses made of? |
Nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid. The viral genome + capsid is called the nucleocapsid. |
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What are naked & enveloped viruses? |
Naked = only consist of the nucleocapsid Envelope = have an envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid |
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What are the variations in genome of viruses? |
A virus can be a DNA or RNA virus depending on what the genome consists of. The viral genome can be linear or circular. It may exist as one molecule or several segmented molecules. The viral nucleic acid can be single stranded or double. |
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What are the 5 general steps in viral reproduction? |
Attachment, Entry Synthesis Assembly Release |
AE SAR |
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repro cycle for t4/lambda phage? |
lytic, lyso & lytic |
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Attachment of T4 Reproductive Cycle |
1. Phage uses tail fibres to bind to the specific receptor sites on bacteria cell surface. |
phage uses...to bind to...on the... |
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Entry of T4 Reproductive Cycle |
2. Tail sheath contracts and injects viral dsDNA into the bacterial cell, leaving behind an empty capsid. Bacterial DNA is hydrolysed. |
tail sheath...injects...empty...hydrolysis |
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Synthesis of T4 Reproductive Cycle |
3. The phage viral dsDNA directs synthesis of phage proteins and replication of phage dsDNA by host cell machinery. |
directs synthesis of...and replication of...by |
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Assembly of T4 Reproductive Cycle |
4. 3 separate sets of proteins self-assemble to form phage heads, tails, and tail fibres. The phage genome is packaged inside the capsid as the head forms. |
...separate sets of...to form...the phage genome is...as the head forms |
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Release of T4 Reproductive Cycle |
5. The phage directs the production of a lytic enzyme that damages the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall, allowing surrounding fluid to enter the cell. The host cell swells and lyses via osmotic lysis, releasing new phage particles. |
phage directs the production of...that damages the...cell wall, allowing...to enter the cell. the host cell swells and...via...releasing... |
