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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Porcine Parvovirus has what type of signs as part of the swine reproductive disease complex?
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SMEDI
still birth mummification embryonic death infertility |
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What cells are very susceptible to infection with the porcine parvovirus?
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mitotic stage of fetal cells
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With PPV IU infections, early infection results in what?
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abortion, absorption of fetuses
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With PPV IU infections, infectioun at gestation to 50-60 days results in what?
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abortion, mummification
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With PPV IU infections, infection at 72 days and later results in what?
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survival is possible
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Is PPV DNA or RNA and enveloped or not?
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DNA - non-enveloped
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What are the porcine DNA viruses?
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parvo, herpes, circo
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What is the point of entry for PRV?
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oro-pharyngeal tissues via breathing, feeding, or social activity
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Where is the crucial infection with PRV?
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CNS and the nerve tracts - recovered pigs are immune but remain latently infected
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Can recovered pigs with PRV still shed virus?
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yes, under stressful conditions, activation and replication in tissues --> shed virus without symptoms
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Is PRV in non-swine species contagious?
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no
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What are common clinical signs of PRV in non-swine species?
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pruritus followed by rabies-like symptoms (mainia, encephalitis, paralysis, death)
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How long should you isolate new arrivals and test them for PRV antibodies?
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a minimum of 12 days after receipt
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How long should you wait before exporting swine from infected premise?
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3 weeks after clinical signs cease
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Who is most at risk for percine cytomegalovirus?
-what body part is affected? |
pigs under 2 weeks - affects nasal turbinates --> distorted snout
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What type of inclusion bodies does the swinepox have?
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intracytoplasmic
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Is circovirus enveloped or not?
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non-enveloped
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What is the typical clinical sign of PCV-2?
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post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) --> multiple systems affected
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What age piglets does PCV affect?
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5-18 weeks
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What are the clinical signs of PCV?
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-progressive weight loss
-dyspnea -enlarged LNs -jaundice |
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What is the most important part of PCV?
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most are co-infections - only 1% are alone
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What is a characteristic pathological lesion of PCV?
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lymphoid depletion
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Which porcine enteroviruses cause disease?
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1 and 9
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What animals do PEV1 infect?
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swine only - young
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What does PEV1 cause?
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polioencephalomyelitits, Teeschen, Talfan
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How is PEV1 transmitted?
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inhalation or ingestion
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What are the 3 stages of disease for PEV1?
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1 - replication in alimentary tract
2 - viremia 3 - invasion of the CNS |
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What are possible differential diagnoses for PEV1?
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-PRV, African Swine Fever, Hog Cholera, Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis
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What is another name for PEV 9?
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Swine Vesicular Disease Virus
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Where is PEV 9 found and what animals is it endemic to?
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Europe and Asia
-natural hosts are swine and man and it is highly contagious |
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T or F - PEV 9 is highly contagious.
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T
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What disease is PEV 9 indistinguishable from? In other words, what are the differential diagnosis?
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foot - and mouth disease
vesicular stomatitis, and vesicular exanthema of swine - part of the vesicular viral disease complex and may confuse the diagnosis |
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How do you diagnose PEV 9?
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vesicular fluids
-CF for viral antigens, VI in cells or day-old mice -VN as a confirmation of VI |
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What does the reoviridae (porcine rotavirus) cause?
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young piglet diarrhea (10-28 days old)
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What in sow colostrum protects newborns from rotavirus?
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IgA
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Where does the porcine rotavirus replicate?
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epithelial cells of villi in the SI
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What is synergistic with the porcine rotavirus is causing severe diarrhea?
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ETEC
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Is there a vaccine available for porcine rotavirus?
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yes - a bivalent vaccine for swine transmissible gasteroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine rotavirus
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What is the most important way for swine to gain protection from rota virus?
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lactogenic immunity - early suckling and continuous sucking
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What is the most important viral disease of young piglets?
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Swine transmissible gasteroenteritis virus (TGEV)
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What does TGEV affect?
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exclusive small intestine disease, affecting the mature epithelial cells of the villi
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What is the host of the TGEV?
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only swine
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Does TGE have a envelope - how do you know?
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yes - it is seasonal
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What does the feces of young piglets with TGEV look like?
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white - contains undigested milk, strong offensive odor, but lack the red color
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What is death due to in piglets with TGEV?
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dehydration, acidosis and shock
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Where does TGEV replicate?
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in the tip of mature epithelial cells of SI villi
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What cells does the TGE virus spare in the SI?
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the Lieberkuhn cells at the base of the intestinal villi
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What do the intestines of an animal with TGEV look like?
with colibacilosis? |
TGEV - distended, thin, transparent small
colibacillosis - distended, normal-thickness small intestine - villi are not affected |
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What are the differential diagnosis for TGEV and how can you tell the difference?
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TGEV- much more severe (clinical signs, morbitdity, mortality, villous atrophy); seasonal
Rotavirus - less severe, year - round -Colibacillosis - villi NOT affected -clostridial enteritis -coccidiosis |
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How many forms does HEV have and what age pigs does it affect?
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suckling pigs 1-3 weeks of age
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What type of disease does HEV cause?
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vomiting and wasting disease
-importantly causes constipation and affected pigs are emaciated |
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What is the cause of dehydration in HEV - a common distinction from TGE and rotavirus?
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from VOMITING (not diarrhea)
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What are the predominant signs of HEV?
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CNS signs - transmission via nnasal secretions
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What are differential diagnosis for HEV?
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porcine enterovirus (poliomyelitis)
pseudorabies -hog cholera |
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Economically, what is the number one swine pathogen listed by the USDA?
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porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)
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How many genotypes of PRRSV are there?
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2 - N. America and Europe
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What are the clinical signs in larger heards of PRRSV?
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non-specific flu like symptoms, but very persistent
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What are the clinical signs in breeding sows of animals with PRRSV?
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SMEDI-like signs similar to PPV and PRV
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What is important in the transmission of PRRSV? AND an obstacle to control of the virus?
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persistent infection - clinically normal - but can still transmit virus
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What is a major obstacle to the eradication and control of the PRRSV?
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heterogeneity
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What is another name for hog cholera virus?
-is it found in the US? |
classical swine fever virus
no |
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What are some clinical signs of hog cholera?
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-necrosis in the edges of ears, tail and vulva
-conjuntivitis -CNS signs - sit like a dog -repro problems in sows |
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What is the incubation period for hog cholera?
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5-10 days
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What are differentials for Hog cholera?
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-salmonellosis
-acute erysipelas -acute pasteuellosis -viral enchephalomyelitis -ASFV - impossible to distinguish therefore need a lab test |
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What porcine disease is notifiable in the us?
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hog cholera
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What are clinical signs of african swine fever?
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fever, depression, ocular discharge, cough, diarrhea, dehydration
-lesions resemble hog cholera, but are more severe |
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How is african swine fever transmitted?
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among wild pigs via ticks
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What are differentials for African Swine Fever?
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hog cholera, erysipelas, salmonellosis
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What is another name for porcine herpes virus -1 PHV-1?
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Pseudorabies
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What other species does PRV affect?
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cattle, sheep and goats -
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What is the main sign of sows with pseudorabies virus?
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SMEDI-abortion
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At term, pigs with sows that have pseudorabies are born how?
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dead-macerated or live-infected
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At the early in the second trimester, pigs of sows that have pseudorabies virus are what?
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aborted or fetus is expelled
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What can a MLV cause of Pseudorabies?
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a latetent infection
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What is another name for porcine herpes virus -2?
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cytomegalovirus - inclusion body rhinitis
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What is the host of swine pox?
What about vaccinina viruses? |
ONLY swine!
many hosts including humans ad swine |
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What is the morbiditiy/Mortality of swinepox?
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high morbidity, low mortality with a short incubation
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What is the morbidity/mortality of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome?
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low morbidity, high mortality in high heath heards
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What are the 2 different forms of HEV?
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1-vomiting and wasting
2-hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis |
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What is Swine influenza classified as?
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orthomyxoviridae
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IS swine flu enveloped or non-enveloped?
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enveloped - disease is seasonal
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What is the morbidity/mortality of swine flue?
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high morbidity, low mortality
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What group of viruses is PRRSV in?
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arteriviridae
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Can pigs persistently infected with PRRSV infect other pigs?
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yes
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What type of virus is vesicular exanthema of swine?
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calciviridae
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What type of virus is Hog cholera (Classical Swine Fever)?
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flaviviridae
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How does African Swine Fever Replicate?
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incubation is 5-15 days - replicates in the LN --> viremia and causes widespread hemorrhaging
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