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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Capsid
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protein shell that gives the virus particle strong structure; contains other proteins for attachment/recepting
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nucleocapsid
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the capsid and associated genome
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reverse transcriptase
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catalyze the formation of polynucleotides of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of DNA or RNA as template
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enveloped viruses
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additional lipid bilayer membrane wrapped around the capsid of the virus particle; host membrane is stolen as new viruses bud off
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Naked viruses
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do not contain an envelope
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viron or virus particle
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the genome, the capsid and the envelope
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where DNA replication and RNA transcription occur
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the nucleus
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where processed mRNAs exit the nucleus and are translated
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cytoplasm
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Okazaki fragments
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segment of DNA resulting from discontinuous DNA replication
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RNA Polymerase I
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synthesizes ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
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RNA Polymerase II
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synthesizes pre-messenger RNA (tRNA)
binds transcription complex in promoter region of DNA initiates synthesis (w/o primer) copies/reads 3 to 5 and synth 5 to 3 synthesizes and processes RNA in nucleus of cell error prone no proofreading recruited by transcription factors |
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RNA Polymerase III
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synthesizes transfer RNA (tRNA)
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Transcription Factors
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AT-rich region of the promoter binds cellular proteins that facilitates the binding of RNA polymerase II and determines the starting point of transcription
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Enhancers
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DNA elements located outside the promoter region that stimulate the frequency of transcription by RNA polymerase II
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Translation
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decoding of mRNA into a protein
-initiation -elongation -termination |
