Virginia Studies (Vs.2 Geography + Native Peoples)

Front 1

What are some ways that relative location can be described? (HINT: What does relative mean?)

Back 1

a connection between two places, such as "next to", "near", or "bordering".

Front 2

What large bodies of water border Virginia?

Back 2

• Atlantic Ocean
  
• Chesapeake Bay
  

Front 3

What states border Virginia?

Back 3

1. Maryland
   
2. West Virginia
   
3. Kentucky
   
4. Tennessee
   
5. North Carolina
   

Front 4

What are Virginia's 5 geographic regions?

Back 4

1. Coastal Plain (Tidewater)

2. Piedmont

3. Blue Ridge

4. Valley & Ridge

5. Appalachian Plateau

Front 5

What is the Fall Line?

Back 5

the natural border between the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) and Piedmont regions, where waterfalls prevent further travel on the river

Front 6

Describe Virginia's Coastal Plain (Tidewater) region

Back 6

• flat land
• location near the Atlantic Ocean and Chesapeake Bay (includes Eastern Shore)
• East of the Fall Line

Front 7

Describe Virginia's Piedmont region

Back 7

• rolling hills
  
• West of the Fall Line

Front 8

Describe Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains region

Back 8

• old, rounded mountains
  
• part of the Appalachian mountain system
• located between the Piedmont and Valley & Ridge regions
• source of many rivers

Front 9

Describe Virginia's Valley & Ridge region

Back 9

• includes the Great Valley of Virginia, and other valleys separated by ridges (The Blue Ridge Mountains and the Valley & Ridge regions are part of the Appalachian Mountains)
  
• located west of the Blue Ridge Mountains

Front 10

Describe Virginia's Appalachian Plateau region

Back 10

• located in Southwest Virginia
  
• only a small part of the plateau is located in Virginia

Front 11

What is a 'plateau'?

Back 11

area of elevated land that is flat on top

Front 12

Why are water features important to the early history of Virginia?

Back 12

(Many early Virginia cities developed along the Fall Line)

• Each river was a source of food and provided a pathway for exploration and settlement of Virginia

Front 13

What are the 4 rivers in Virginia?

Back 13

• Potomac
  
• Rappahannock
• York
• James

Front 14

Where do the 4 major rivers flow into that are separated by peninsulas?

Back 14

Chesapeake Bay

Front 15

Chesapeake Bay

Back 15

• provides a safe harbor
  
• was a source of food and transportation
• separated the Eastern Shore from the mainland of Virginia

Front 16

Atlantic Ocean

Back 16

• provides transportation links between Virginia and other places (Europe, Africa, Caribbean)
  

Front 17

James River

Back 17

• flows into the Chesapeake Bay
  
• Richmond and Jamestown are located along the James River

Front 18

York River

Back 18

• flows into the Chesapeake Bay
  
• Yorktown located along the York River

Front 19

Potomac River

Back 19

• flows into the Chesapeake Bay
  
• Alexandria located along the Potomac River

Front 20

Rappahannock River

Back 20

• flows into the Chesapeake Bay
  
• Fredericksburg located on the Rappahannock River

Front 21

Lake Drummond

Back 21

• located in the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) region
  
• shallow natural lake surround by the Dismal Swamp

Front 22

Dismal Swamp

Back 22

• located in the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) region
  
• variety of wildlife
• George Washington explored and surveyed the Dismal Swamp

Front 23

What is a peninsula?

Back 23

a piece of land bordered by water on three (3) sides

Front 24

Eastern Shore

Back 24

a peninsula bordered by the Chesapeake Bay to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east

Front 25

Locate the three (3) American Indian language groups on the map of Virginia

Back 25

Front 26

Who were the first people to live in Virginia?

Back 26

American Indians

Front 27

Why are the native peoples called Indians?

Back 27

Christopher Columbus called the people he found in the lands he explored "Indians" because he thought he was in the Indies (near China)

Front 28

What evidence is there that American Indians lived in all areas of the state?

Back 28

Artifacts such as arrowheads, pottery, and other tools that have been found tell a lot about the people who have lived here in Virginia.

Front 29

What were the three (3) major language groups found in Virginia?

Back 29

1. Algonquian
2. Siouan
3. Iroquoian
   

Front 30

Algonquian language

Back 30

• spoken primarily in the Tidewater region
  
• Powhatan was part of this group

Front 31

Siouan language

Back 31

• primarily spoken in the Piedmont region
• Monacan were part of this group
  

Front 32

Iroquoian language

Back 32

• spoken in Southwestern Virginia and in Southern Virginia (near North Carolina)
  
• Cherokee were part of this group

Front 33

How did American Indians relate to the climate and their environment to secure food, clothing, and shelter?

Back 33

Virginia's American Indians worked with the climate and their environment to meet their basic needs

• Virginia Indian cultures have changed over time
  

Front 34

What are some characteristics of Virginia's climate?

Back 34

The climate in Virginia is relatively mild with distinct seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter), resulting in a variety of vegetation

• Forests, which have a variety of trees, cover most of the land
• Virginia's Indians are referred to as Eastern Woodland Indians

Front 35

What are some ways Virginia's American Indians related to the climate and interacted with their environment to meet their basic needs?

Back 35

The kind of food they ate, the clothing they wore, and the shelters they had depended upon the seasons

• foods that changed with the season
• animal skins (deerskin) used for clothing
• shelter made from materials around them (trees, leaves, deerskin)

Front 36

Indian American foods according to the seasons (winter, spring, summer, fall)

Back 36

• Winter, they hunted birds and animals and lived on stored foods from the previous fall
  
• Spring, they hunted, fished, and picked berries
• Summer, they grew crops (beans, corn, squash)
• Fall, they harvested crops and hunted for foods to preserve and keep for the winter

Front 37

What were the three sisters?

Back 37

Front 38

What is archaeology? Who are archaeologists?

How have archaeologists help us learn more about Werowocomoco and Jamestown?

Back 38

Archaeology is another way that helps people understand the pant

• Archaeologists study all kinds of material evidence left from people of the past
• Recent archaeological digs have recovered new material evidence about Werowocomoco and historic Jamestown

Front 39

What was Werowocomoco?

Back 39

• a large Indian town used by Indian leaders for several hundred years before the English settlers came
  
• headquarters of the leader, Powhatan, in 1607
• Powhatan's daughter was Pocahontas

Front 40

What was Jamestown?

Back 40

• the first permanent English settlement in North America
• archaeologists have discovered the site of the original fort
  

Front 41

How can new findings change the understanding of history?

Back 41

the recovered artifacts give archaeologists clues about the interactions of English, Africans, and Indians in early Virginia

Front 42

Identify and locate the current state-recognized tribes

Back 42

1. Monacan
2. Upper Mattaponi
3. Chickahominy
4. Rappahannock
5. Mattaponi
6. Pamunkey
7. Eastern Chickahominy
8. Nansemond

Front 43

Tribes located in the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) region

Back 43

• Chickahominy
  
• Eastern Chickahominy
• Mattaponi
• Nansemond
• Pamunkey
• Rappahannock
• Upper Mattaponi

Front 44

Tribe located in the Piedmont region

Back 44

• Monacan