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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intracellular parasite that consists of a DNA and RNA core surrounded by a protein coat and an outer covering of lipoprotein. |
Virus |
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What is tge infectious partical called? |
Virion |
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What is cancer caused by a virus called? |
Oncovirus |
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A medication that is able to inhibit viral replication |
Antiviral |
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Antivirals dont destroy virsuses. What is the term for this? |
Virustatic |
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What is effective treatment of viral infections dependent on? |
Host factors, viral factors and drug factors |
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What are the factors that influence the outcome of antiviral therapy? |
Stage of illness Dose of antiviral agent used Ability of virus to pentrate the CNS Ability of virus to remain within host Development of antiviral resistance |
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What might happen to a virus? |
It might mutate and form a resistance to the antiviral drug taken. |
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The ability of a virus to overcome the suppressive action of antiviral agents. |
Antiviral resistance |
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What causes antiviral resistance? |
Skipped doses or taking them irregularly or vomiting |
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What drug class is used for prevention and treatment of Influenza A? |
Inhibitors of Viral Coating |
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What drug class treats infulenza A and B? |
Neuraminidase Inhibtors |
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors inhibit what? |
Viral release and virus proliferation |
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What form is Oseltamivir and Zanamivir? Which are Neuraminidase Inhibitors. |
O-oral Z-powder for inhalation |
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What drug isnt recommended for patients with pulmonary disease? |
Zanamivir |
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Inhibitors of Viral Uncoating treat what viral infection? |
Influenza |
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Interferons arent antiviral agents. What do they do? |
Protect uninfected cells by promoting resistance |
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Interferons treat what? |
Hep B and C |
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Nucleoside and Nucleotide Analogues treat what? |
Hep B |
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Protease inhibitors treat what? |
Hep C |
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Antivirals that inhibit DNA and RNA replication are used to treat... |
Herpes simplex 1 and 2, herpes zoster and cytomegalovirus (CMV) |
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An ester of Acyclovir. With greater absorption, requiring less freguent dosing. |
Valacyclovir |
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Ganciclovir treats what? |
CMV (cytomegalovirus) Should contain "do not crush or chew", avoid pregnancy, take with food |
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Famciclovir treats what |
HSV 1 and 2 and acute herpes zoster |
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What cell does a virus of HIV attack? |
CD4 T lymphocyte |
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What are the 9 steps HIV life cycle is composed of+ |
Binding Fusion Uncoating Reverse transcription Integration Genome replication Protein synthesis Protein cleavage and viral assembly Virus release |
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Medicines that interfere with replication of retroviruses |
Antiretroviral |
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Antiretrovirals are administered for what reason |
Reduce viral load, increase CD4 count, delays development of AIDS related conditions and improve survival |
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What are the 6 classes of antiretrovirals? |
1.Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase 2.nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors 3.protease inhibutors 4.fusion inhibitors 5.chemokine receptor antagonists type 5 6.HIV integrase strand inhibitor |
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When is therapy of anitvirals initiated in adults |
When CD4 count falls below 200cells/cubic mm |
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How is antiviral resistance reduced? |
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (AIDS cocktail) - 3 or more med combination |
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What is recommended prior to initation of therapy of HIV? |
Drug resistance testing |
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What drug is effective against HIV and HBV |
Lamivudine |
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What was the first available antiretroviral |
Zidovudine -may cause nail discoloration |
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Zidovudine decreases what of HIV from 25%-8% |
Perinatal mother to child transmission (PMTCT) Should be givin at 14 weeks of pregnancy |
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What are the 3 ways that Non Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) differ from Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Transciptase inhibitors (NRTIS) |
1.noncompetitive inhibitors of reverse transcriptase 2.dont need to be activated 3.arent effective against HIV2 |
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NNRTIs are metabolized by |
Cytochrome p450 |
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What warnings should be with Efavirenz? |
Not take in first trimester of pregnancy and women should avoid pregnancy |
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What drug class interferes with step 8 of HIV life cycle+ |
Protease inhibitors |
