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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is verbal communication? What are itscharacteristics?
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• Verbal communication: the exchange of spoken or written language with others during interaction
• Language is symbolic, governed by rules, flexible, cultural, and it evolves. |
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What is a symbol? How do we use symbols?
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• Symbol: an item we use to represent other things
• Words are the primary symbols that we use to represent people, objects, events, and ideas. • Symbols can have multiple meanings/ interpretations |
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What are constitutive rules, and how are theydifferent from regulative rules?
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• Constitutive rules define word meaning
• They tell us which words represent which objects • Regulative rules govern how we use language when we verbally communicate • This includes spelling, sentence structure, and conversational rules |
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What are personal idioms?
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• Personal idioms: words and phrases that have unique meanings to them
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What are dialects? How many regional dialectsexist in the US? Are dialects always based on region?
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• Each language reflects a distinct set of cultural beliefs and values
• Members of a culture who speak the same language may develop their own variations on that language • Dialects • Dialects can be shared by people with similar regional locations, socioeconomic status, or ethnic/ religious ancestry • In the US, there are 6 regional dialects |
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What are the 6 functions of verbal communicationdiscussed in class and in your textbook?
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• Sharing meaning
• Shaping thought • Naming • Performing actions • Crafting conversations • Managing relationships |
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What is denotative meaning? What is connotativemeaning?
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• Denotative meaning: the literal meaning of your words, as defined by your culture
• Connotative Meaning: the additional understanding of a word's meaning based on the situation and on common knowledge |
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What is linguistic determinism? What is theSapir-Whorf Hypothesis?
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• Linguistic Determinism: the view that language defines the boundaries of our thinking
• Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis: we can’t conceive of that for which we lack a vocabulary- that language quite literally defines the boundaries of our thinking • Culture impacts language • People from different cultures would perceive and think about the world in very different ways |
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What is linguistic relativity?
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• People from different cultures perceive the world in very different way
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What are the five types of speech acts? What isthe purpose of each? What form does each one take?
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• Speech acts: the actions we perform with language
• Types: • Representative: commits speaker to the truth of what has been said • Directive: attempts to get listeners to do something • Commissive: commits speaker to future action • Expressive: conveys emotional/ psychological state • Declarative: produce dramatic, observable effects |
