Vbms601 Muscles Of The Pelvic Limb

Front 1

BICEPS FEMORIS

Back 1

ORIGIN: The sacrotuberous ligament and the ischiatic tuberosity

INSERTION: By means of the fascia lata and crural fascia to the patella, patellar ligament, and cranial border of the tibia; by means of the crural fascia to the subcutaneous part of the tibial body; the tuber calcanei

ACTION:To extend the hip, stifle, and hock. The caudal part of the muscle flexes the stifle

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 2

SEMITENDINOSUS

Back 2

ORIGIN: The ischiatic tuberosity

INSERTION: The disto-cranial border of the tibia. The medial surface of the body of the tibia an dthe tuber calcanei by means of the crural fascia

ACTION: To extend the hip, flex the stifle, and extend the hock

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 3

SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

Back 3

ORIGIN: The ischiatic tuberosity

INSERTION: The distal medial lip of the caudal rough surface of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia

ACTION: To extend the hip. The part that attaches to the femur extends the stifle; the part that attaches to the tibia flexes or extends the stifle, depending on the position of the limb

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 4

SARTORIUS

Back 4

ORIGIN: Cranial part- the crest of the ilium and the thoracolumbar fascia; caudal part- the cranial ventral iliac spine and the adjacent ventral border of the ilium

INSERTION: Cranial part- the patella, in common with the rectus femoris of the quadriceps; caudal part- the cranial border of the tibia, in common with the gracilis

ACTION: To flex the hip. The cranial part extends the stifle; the caudal part flexes the stifle

INNERVATION: Femoral nerve

Front 5

GRACILIS

Back 5

ORIGIN: The pelvic symphysis by means of the symphysial tendon

INSERTION: The cranial border of the tibia and, with the semitendinosus, the tuber calcanei

ACTION: To adduct the limb, flex the stifle, and extend the hip and hock

INNERVATION: Obturator nerve

Front 6

PECTINEUS

Back 6

ORIGIN: From the iliopubic eminence and the pubic tubercle via the prepubic tendon

INSERTION: The distal end of the medial lip of the caudal rough face of the femur

ACTION: To adduct the limb

INNERVATION: Obturator nerve

Front 7

ADDUCTOR

Back 7

ORIGIN: The entire pelvic symphysis by means of the symphysial tendon, the adjacent part of the ischiatic arch, and ventral surface of teh pubis and ischium

INSERTION: The entire lateral lip of the caudal rough face of the femur

ACTION: To adduct the lmb and extend the hip

INNERVATION: Obturator nerve

Front 8

TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

Back 8

ORIGIN: The tuber coxae and adjacent part of the ilium; the aponeurosis of the middle gluteal muscle

INSERTION: The lateral femoral fascia

ACTION: To tense the lateral femoral fascia, flex the hip, and extend the stifle

INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve

Front 9

SUPERFICIAL GLUTEAL

Back 9

ORIGIN: The lateral border of the sacrum and the first caudal vertebra, partly by means of the sacrotuberous ligament, the cranial dorsal iliac spine by means of the deep gluteal fascia

INSERTION: The third trochanter

ACTION: To extend the hip and abduct the limb

INNERVATION: Caudal gluteal nerve

Front 10

MIDDLE GLUTEAL

Back 10

ORIGIN: The crest and gluteal surface of the ilium

INSERTION: The greater trochanter

ACTION: To extend and abduct the hip and to rotate the pelvic limb medially

INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve

Front 11

DEEP GLUTEAL

Back 11

ORIGIN: The body of the ilium; the ischiatic spine

INSERTION: The cranial aspect of the greater trochanter

ACTION: To extend and abduct the hip and to rotate the pelvic limb medially

INNERVATION: Cranial gluteal nerve

Front 12

INTERNAL OBTURATOR

Back 12

ORIGIN: The symphysis pelvis and the dorsal surface of the ischium and pubis

INSERTION: The trochanteric fossa of the femur

ACTION: To rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the hip

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 13

PIRIFORMIS MUSCLE OF THE MIDDLE GLUTEAL

Back 13

The deep caudal portion of the middle gluteal muscle that is readily separated from the main muscle mass.

Front 14

ARTICULARIS COXAE MUSCLE

Back 14

It is a small, spindle shaped muscle lying on the craniolateral aspect of the hip joint capsule. It is covered by the deep gluteal muscle.

ORIGIN: The lateral surface of the ilium along with the rectus femoris

INSERTION: The neck of the femur

Front 15

GEMELLI

Back 15

ORIGIN: The lateral surface of the ischium, caudal to the acetabulum and ventral to the lesser ischiatic notch

INSERTION: The trochanteric fossa

ACTION: To rotate the pelvic limb laterally at the hip

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 16

QUADRATUS FEMORIS

Back 16

ORIGIN: The ventral surface of the caudal part of the ischium

INSERTION: Intertrochanteric crest

ACTION: To extend the hip and rotate the pelvic limb laterally

INNERVATION: Sciatic nerve

Front 17

EXTERNAL OBTURATOR

Back 17

ORIGIN: The ventral surface of the pubis and ischium

INSERTION: The trochanteric fossa

ACTION: To rotate the pelvic limb laterally

INNERVATION: Obturator nerve

Front 18

QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

Back 18

ORIGIN: Rectus femoris- ilium; vasti muscles- proximal femur

INSERTION: Tibial tuberosity

ACTION: To extend the stifle and flex the hip (rectus)

INNERVATION: Femoral nerve

Front 19

PATELLA

Back 19

It is a seseamoid bone that is intercalated in the large tendon of insertion of the quadriceps. It articulates with the trochlea of the femur

Front 20

PATELLAR LIGAMENT

Back 20

It extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity. It is the distal end of the tendon of insertion of the quadriceps

Front 21

RECTUS FEMORIS

Back 21

It is the most cranial component of the quadriceps femoris and the only one to arise from the ilium

Front 22

VASTUS LATERALIS

Back 22

It lies lateral and caudal to the rectus femoris, to which it is fused distally. It is partly separated from the vastus intermedius by a scantily developed intermuscular septum. It is inserted with the rectus femoris on the tibial tuberosity

Front 23

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Back 23

It lies directly on the smooth cranial surface of the femur and is quite intimately fused with the other two vasti (vastus lateralis and vastus medialis). It arises with the vastus lateralis, which covers it, from the lateral side of the proximal end of the femur. It inserts on the tibial tuberosity with the other members of the group

Front 24

VASTUS MEDIALIS

Back 24

It arises from the medial side of the proximal end of the cranial surface of the femur and the proximal end of the medial lip of the caudal rough surface. It inserts with the other heads of the quadriceps on the tibial tuberosity

Front 25

ILIOPSOAS

Back 25

ORIGIN: Psoas major- lumbar vertebrae; iliacus- cranioventral ilium

INSERTION: Lesser trochanter

ACTION: To flex the hip

INNERVATION: Ventral branches of lumbar spinal nerves; femoral nerve

Front 26

CRURAL EXTENSOR RETINACULUM

Back 26

It is a thickening of the deep crural fascia that stretches obliquely from the distal third of the fibula to the medial malleolus of the tibia. It binds down the tendons of the long digital extensor and cranial tibial muscles

Front 27

TARSAL EXTENSOR RETINACULUM

Back 27

It is a fibrous loop that attaches to the calcaneus and wraps around the tendon of the long digital extensor muscle

Front 28

CRANIAL TIBIAL

Back 28

ORIGIN: The extensor groove and the adjacent articular margin of the tibia; the lateral edge of the cranial tibial border

INSERTION: The plantar surface of the base f the metatarsals I and II

ACTION: To flex the tarsocrural joint and to rotate the paw laterally so that the plantar surface faces medially

INNERVATION: Fibular nerve

Front 29

LONG DIGITAL EXTENSOR

Back 29

ORIGIN: The extensor fossa of the femur

INSERTION: The extensor processes of the distal phalanges of digits II, III, IV and V

ACTION: To extend the digits and flex the tarsus

INNERVATION: Fibular nerve

Front 30

FIBULARIS LONGUS

Back 30

ORIGIN: The lateral condyle of the tibia, the proximal end of the fibula, and the lateral epicondyle of the femur by means of the lateral collateral ligament of the stifle

INSERTION: The fourth tarsal bone; the plantar aspect of the base of the metatarsals

ACTION: To flex the tarsus and rotate the paw medially so that the plantar surface faces laterally

INNERVATION: Fibular nerve

Front 31

GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE

Back 31

ORIGIN: The medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur

INSERTION: The proximal dorsal surface of the tuber calcanei

ACTION: To extend the tarsus and flex the stifle

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

Front 32

SUPERFICIAL DIGITAL FLEXOR

Back 32

ORIGIN: The lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur

INSERTION: The tuber calcanei and the bases of the middle phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V

ACTION: To flex the first two digital joints of the four principal digits; flex the stifle; extend the tarsus

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

Front 33

DEEP DIGITAL FLEXOR

Back 33

ORIGIN: The caudal aspect of the proximal two thirds of the tibia, the proximal half of the fibula, and the adjacent interosseous membrane

INSERTION: The flexor tubercle on the plantar surface of the base of each of the distal phalanges

ACTION: To flex the digits and extend the tarsus

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve

Front 34

LATERAL DIGITAL FLEXOR

Back 34

It arises from the caudolateral border of the proximal two thirds of the tibia, most of the proximal half of the fibula, and the adjacent interosseous membrane. Medial to the tuber calcanei, it is surrounded by the tarsal synovial sheath and bound in the groove over the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus by the flexor retinaculum

Front 35

MEDIAL DIGITAL FLEXOR

Back 35

It is smaller and lies between the lateral digital flexor and the popliteus.

Front 36

POPLITEUS

Back 36

ORIGIN: The lateral epicondyle of the femur

INSERTION: The proximal third of the caudal surface of the tibia

ACTION: To rotate the leg medially

INNERVATION: Tibial nerve