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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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percision |
Consistency, reliability, homogeneity of the data. |
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accuracy |
Based on the precision of the measurements |
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specificity + sensitivity |
accuracy formula |
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sensitivity |
Measures should be sensitive enough to detect differences in acharacteristic that are important to the investigator |
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specificity |
Measures should be specific to the characteristics, group,phenomenon, etc. investigated |
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reliability |
Consistency of the measures. |
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valditiy |
Does a variable represent what it is intended to measure? |
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systematic errors/biases |
1:observer/experimenter 2:subject participant 3:apparatus |
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blinding, unobtrusive measures, and apparatus calibration |
contols for systematic errors & biases |
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random error |
Error due to random fluctuations in participants,experimental conditions, methods of measurement, etc. |
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- standard deviation - coffiecient of variation |
measures for variability |
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correlation coefficient |
measures for concordance |
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reliability |
Consistent results over repeated measurements. Refers to the PRECISION of your measures. |
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1: test-retest 2: alternative/parallel forms 3: internal consistency 4: inter-rater reliablity |
reliability assesments |
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inter-observer consistency |
consistency of recording andscoring between ALL OBSERVERS. |
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intra-observer consistency |
each observer, individually, records,interprets or identifies SIMILAR behaviours or events the SAME WAY. |
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1: construct validity 2: statistical conclusion validity 3: internal validity 4: external validity |
4 main types of valditiy |
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face validity |
How well the test appears to measure what it is designed to measure. It is a plausiblemeasure of the variable we want to estimate. Face value. Non-scientific. |
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content validity |
How adequately the measure addresses the representativeness of the measured event orphenomenon. Expert opinion can determine this type of validity. |
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construct validity |
A measure of how well a test assesses some underlying (theoretical) construct orcharacteristic. Depends heavily on the operational definitions, e.g., “stress” |
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criterion validity |
How the assay agrees with others supposed to evaluate the same phenomenon on the samecriterion. |
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concurrent validity |
A measure of how well an assay estimates a criterion/performance in relation toanother (concurrent) phenomenon or group of subjects at the same point in time. |
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convergent validity |
The methods of measurement converge upon one another. |
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discriminant validity |
The methods of measurement diverge upon one another and the divergence is expected. |
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predictive validity |
A measure of how well an assay predicts a phenomenon on a time criterion: e.g., pre/post.Measures predicts future states. |
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internal validity |
asks the question: does the object measure what it is supposed to? |
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external validity |
asks the question: how generizalible is the object? |
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internal validity |
- no confounded variables - controlled variables - appropriate control groups - random asignment - random selection |
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- population selection - operational defintion - parameter values - demand characteristics |
external validity criterion |
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ecological validity |
asks the question : are experiments done in the lab generalizable to the real world? |
