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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microbes causing bloody diarrhea (findings for each)
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-Campylobacter: Comma or S shaped organisms; growth at 42d celsius
-Salmonella: lactose negative; flagellar motility -Shigella: lactose negative; very low ID50; produces shiga toxin -EHEC (O157:H7) can cause HUS and makes shiga like toxin -Entero invasive E coli: invades colonic mucosa -Yersinia enterolitica: day care outbreaks, pseudoappendicitis -C. difficile: pseudomembranous colitis (can also cause watery diarrhea) -Entamoeba histolytica (protozoan) |
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Microbes causing watery diarrhea (findings for each)
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-Enterotoxigenic E coli: traveler's diarrhea; produces ST and LT toxins
-Vibrio cholerae: comma shaped organisms; rice water diarrhea -C. perfringens: also causes gas gangrene -Protozoa: giardia, cryptosporidium (in IC) -Viruses (rotavirus, adenovirus, Norwalk virus) |
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Common causes of pneumonia: Neonates (<4wks)
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GBS
E coli |
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Common causes of pneumonia: Children (4wk-18yr)
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Viruses (RSV)
Mycoplasma Chlamydia pneumophilia Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Common causes of pneumonia: Adult (18-40)
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Mycoplasma
Chlamydia pneumonia Strep pneumo |
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Common causes of pneumonia: Adults (40-65)
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Strep pneumo
H flu Anaerobes Viruses Mycoplasma |
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Common causes of pneumonia: Elderly
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S pneumo
Viruses Anaerobes H flu G(-) rods |
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Common causes of pneumonia: hospital acquired
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Staphylococcus
enteric gram negative rods |
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Common causes of pneumonia: immunocompromised
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Staphylococcus
enteric gram negative rods Fungi Viruses Pneumocystic jiroveci (with HIV) |
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Common causes of pneumonia: aspiration
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Anaerobes
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Common causes of pneumonia: alcoholic/IVDU
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Strep pneumo
Klebsiella Staphylococcus |
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Common causes of pneumonia: cystic fibrosis
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Pseudomonas
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Common causes of pneumonia: postviral
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Staphylococcus
H flu |
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Common causes of pneumonia: atypical
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Mycoplasma
Legionella Chlamydia |
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Common causes of meningitis: neonates
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GBS
E coli Listeria |
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Common causes of meningitis: children (6m-6y)
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Strep pneumo
Neisseria meningitidis H flu type B Enteroviruses |
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Common causes of meningitis: 6-60YO
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N meningitidis
Enteroviruses S pneumo HIV |
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Common causes of meningitis: 60+
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S pneumo
G- rods Listeria |
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Viral causes of meningitis
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Enteroviruses (esp cocksackivirus)
HSV HIV West Nile virus VZV |
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Common causes of meningitis: HIV
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Cryptococcus
CMV Toxoplasmosis (brain abscess) JC virus (PML) |
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: most people
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Staph aureus (assume if no other info)
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: Sexually active
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Neisseria gonorrhea (rare), septic arthritis more common
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: Diabetics and drug addicts
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Pseudomonas
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Common cause of osteomyelitis:sickle cell
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Salmonella
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: prosthetic replacement
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Staph aureus, Staph epidermidis
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: Vertebral
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Mycobacterium TB (Pott's disease)
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Common cause of osteomyelitis: cat and dog bites or scratches
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Pasteurella
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MCC of ambulatory UTI? 2nd most common?
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E coli
2nd most common is staph saprophyticus |
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Common hospital acquired UTI bacteria?
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E coli
Proteus Klebsiella Serratia Pseudomonas |
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TORCH
"classic triad" of chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications, and hydrocephalus. May be asymptomatic at birth |
Toxoplasma gondii
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TORCH
Deafness, cataracts, heart defects (PDA, pulmonary artery stenosis), microcephaly, mental retardation. "blueberry muffin" due to rash |
Rubella
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Petechial rash, intracranial calficiations, mental retardation, hepatosplenomegaly, microcephaly, jaundice. 90% asymptomatic at birth
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CMV
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TORCH
Hepatosplenomegaly, neurologic abnormalities, frequent infections |
HIV
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TORCH
Encephalitis, conjunctivitis, vesicular skin lesions. Often asymptomatic at birth. Most transmitted during birth through an infected maternal genital tract. |
HSV type 2
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TORCH
Cutaneous lesions, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, saddle nose, saber shins, Hutchinson teeth, CNVIII deafness, rhinitis |
Syphilis
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Caused of red rashes in childhood
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Measles
Rubella HHV-6 Scarlet fever (GAS) Parvovirus B19 "slapped cheeks" |
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Disease and organism: urethritis, cervicitis, PID, prostatitis, epidimytis, arthritis, creamy purulent discharge
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Neisseria gonorrhea
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Disease and organism: painless chancre
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Primary syphilis
Treponema pallidum |
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Disease and organism: fever, lymphadenopathy, skin rashes, condylomata lata
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Secondary syphilis
Treponema pallidum |
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Disease and organism: gummas, tabes dorsalis, general paresis, aortitis, Argyll Robertson pupil
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Tertiary syphilis
Tremponema pallidum |
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Disease and organism: painful penile, vulvar, or cervical ulcers; can cause symptoms such as fever, headache, myalgia
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Genital herpes
HSV2 |
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Disease and organism: Urethritis, cervicitis, conjunctivitis, Retier's syndrome, PID
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Chlamydia
Chalmydia trachomatis (D-K) |
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Disease and organism: Ulcers, lymphadenopathy, rectal strictures
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3.Lymphogranuloma venereum
C. Trachomatis (L1-L3) |
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Disease and organism: Vaginitis, strawberry colored mucosa
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Trichomoniasis
Trchomonas vaginalis |
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Disease and organism: opportunistic infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma
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AIDS
HIV |
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Disease and organism: Genital warts and koilocytes
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Condylomata acuminata
HPV 6-11 |
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Disease and organism: Jaundice (STD)
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Hepatitis B
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Disease and organism: painful genital ulcer, inguinal adenopathy
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Chancroid
H ducreyi |
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Disease and organism: noninflammatory, malodorous discharge, positive whiff test, clue cells
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Bacterial vaginosis
Gardnerella vaginalis |
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Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome
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Infection of the liver capsule and "violin string" adhesions of parietal peritoneum. Possible sequelae of PID.
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Bug hints if all else fails:
(1) pus, empyema, abscess (2) pediatric infx (3) pneumonia in CF, or burn pt (4) branching rods in oral infection (5) traumatic open wound (6) surgical wound (7) dog or cat bite (8) currant jelly sputum (9) Sepsis/meningitis in newborn |
(1) pus, empyema, abscess: S. aureus
(2) pediatric infx: H flu (3) pneumonia in CF, or burn pt: pseudomonas (4) branching rods in oral infection: actinomycetes israelii (5) traumatic open wound: C perfringens (6) surgical wound: S aureus (7) dog or cat bite: pasturella (8) currant jelly sputum: klebsiella (9) Sepsis/meningitis in newborn: GBS |
