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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens in the rough endoplasmic recticulum?
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synthesis of secretory proteins and N-linked oligosaccharide addition to many proteins
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What are some cells that are rich in rough endoplasmic recticulum?
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mucus secreting goblet cells of small intestine, AB-secreting plasma cells, pancreatic acinar cells
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What is bound to rough endoplasmic recticulum?
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electron-dense, membrane associated polysomes (form of ribosome)
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What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?
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SER lacks ribosomes
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What happens in the smooth ER?
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site of steroid synthesis and detoxification of drugs
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Which cells are rich in SER?
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liver hepatocytes, steroid hormone producing cells of adrenal cortex
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Which enzyme deficiency causes inclusion body disease?
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N-acetylglucosamine phosphtransferase
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What happens in I-cell disease (inclusion body disease)?
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failure of addition of mannose-6-phosphate to lysosome protein (enzymes are secreted outside the cell instead of being targeted to the lysosome)
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What are features of I-cell disease?
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coarse facial features
clouded corneas restricted joint mvmt high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes life span <10 years |
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What are microtubules?
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25 nm hollow tubes composed of alpha and beta tubulin.
Provide tracks for intracellular transport of vesicles and molecules. Incorporated into flagella, cilia, mitotic spindles Continuous assembly and disassembly. |
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Which drug prevents microtubule polymerization in gout?
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colchicine
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Which drugs act on microtubules?
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Mebendazole/thiabendazole - helminth
Griseofulvin - antifungal Vincristine/vinblastine - cancer Paclitaxel - breast cancer Colchicine - gout |
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What motor protein transports cargo in microtubules in retrograde fashion?
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dynein
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What motor protein transports cargo in microtubules in anterograde fashion?
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kinesin
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Which microtubule polymerization defect disease results in decreased phagoytosis?
What are the signs? |
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Recurrent pyogenic infections, partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy |
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How is cilia arranged?
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9 + 2 structure of microtubules
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How do cilia convey motility?
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ATPase dynein
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Syndrome characterized by immotile sperm, infertility, and chronic respiratory infections
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Kartagener syndrome
absence of dynein **associated with sinus inversus |
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Which cell junction prevents diffusion across paracellular space? (acts as a barrier)
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Zona occludens, tight junctions
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Which cell junction surrounds the perimeter just below zona occludens?
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zona adherens, intermediate junction
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Which cell junction is an anchoring junction?
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Desmosomes, macula adherens
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What disease involves autoantibodies against demosomal proteins in skin cells? Signs?
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Pemphigus vulgaris
painful blisters in oropharynx & skin, post-inflammatory pigmentation |
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What disease involves autoantibodies against hemi-demosomal proteins? Signs?
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Bullous pemphigoid
Widespread blistering and pruritis, less severe than pemphigus vulgaris, can be drug-induced, rarely affects oral mucosa |
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What cell junction adheres epithelial cells to the basement membrane and connects the cell to underlying extracellular matrix?
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Hemidesmosome
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