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175 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what were the three countries that became totalitarian regimes and who were their leaders |
italy- benito mussolini germany- adolf hitler soviet union- josef stalin |
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what did hitler write while he was in prison |
mein kempf |
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who was the leader of the soviet union and what type of government did they have |
Josef Stalin;communism |
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what were the 4 causes of ww2 |
treaty of versailles world-wide depression rise of totalitarianism regimes isolationism of major powers
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how much money did germany owe after ww1 |
$57 trillion |
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what condemned war as a way of solving conflict |
kellogg briand pact |
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what territory did hitler annex |
austria and sudetenland of czechoslovakia |
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what deal did germany make with russia |
no further advancement will take place |
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what country did germany invade that led to great britain declaring war |
poland |
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what was the US’s original policy in dealing with our allies during the war |
provide aid only |
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who attacked the US at pearl harbor and why |
japan; felt they could cripple the pacific fleet, which would allow them to move freely throughout the pacific ocean |
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what did FDR say in his famous speech after pearl harbor |
a date which will live in infamy |
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when did the US enter the war |
december 8, 1941 |
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what expanded the draft and how many soldiers enlisted |
selective service; 10 million |
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what did the US do to japanese american citizens |
forced them to leave their homes and businesses |
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what court case determined that national security trumps individual liberty |
koromotsu vs US |
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who was the japanese admiral who planned to take midway and the aleutian islands in alaska |
yamamoto |
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what was the WAAC |
women’s auxiliary army corps |
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how many of each of the minority groups served in the war |
1,000,000 african-americans 300,000 mexican-americans 33,000 japanese-americans 25,000 native americans 13,000 chinese americans |
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what did american industries do to help with the war effort |
converted into a war industry |
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how many people were working during the war and how many were woman? and minorities? |
18 million; 6 million; 2 million |
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what was the WPB |
war production board |
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who were the tuskegee airmen |
pilots of the all back 99th squadron who fought in italy |
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when and what was v-e day |
victory in europe day; may 8, 1945 |
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when did FDR die and who replaced him |
april 12, 1945; harry s. truman |
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what was important about iwo jima |
the island was critical to the allies as a base for an attack on japan |
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where and when did we drop the atomic bombs |
Aug. 6 and Aug. 9; japan |
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when did japan surrender |
aug. 14, 1945 |
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what was america’s response originally and then long term |
limited- refused to take many refugees - we did bomb some railroads and camps; FDR created the war refugee board and worked with red cross to help eastern european jews |
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list the members of the axis powers |
germany, italy, and japan |
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what was a problem with the axis powers strategy |
lacked any real unified strategy |
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what allowed the allies to deal with the u-boats |
RADAR |
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why did hitler have to go through stalinguard |
he decided to take the oilfields of caucasus |
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how many german soldiers surrendered at stalinguard |
91,000 |
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what was hard about fighting in north africa |
desert fighting |
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did the allies win |
yes |
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what happened to mussolini |
hung his body upside down at a gas station |
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how many bombers did the tuskegee airmen lose with 1500 runs |
none |
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what were the two purposes of bombing germany |
relieve pressure on the russian front; pond germany in preparation for D-Day |
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when was pearl harbor bombed |
dec 7, 1941 |
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where was the US navy concentrated |
around midway |
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what led to the defeat of the japanese and the turning point of the war |
the japanese navy strung out from alaska to midway |
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what types of changes did women have to face because of war |
go to work |
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what types of jobs did women find permanent employment after the war |
white collar jobs |
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why did FDR issue executive order 8802 |
no discrimination in any factory receiving federal funding |
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what two organizations gained membership during the war |
NAACP & CORE |
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what was the bracero program |
provided labor for farms |
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what was this the foundation of |
migrant labor system |
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did urban centers grow or shrink |
grow |
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what happened in june of 1943 |
riots btw the mexicans and sailors |
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who was placed in internment camps during the war and why |
germans, italians, and the japanese |
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what is korematsu vs the US |
supreme court upheld the internment camp process |
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what was the cost of the war |
$330 billion |
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what types of goods were rationed during the war |
butter, rubber, and gas |
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who commanded the troops of the fake army during D-Day |
general george patton |
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what was the name of the beach flag sad stormed on this day |
omaha |
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what was the name of the german’s counter attack in december 1944 |
battle of the bulge |
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what happened to hitler on july 20th 1944 and then april 30, 1945 |
a bomb goes off that was meant to kill hitler, but he survives; hitler commits suicide |
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when did germany surrender |
may 7, 1945 |
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what was the name of the strategy used by americans in the pacific |
island hoping |
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where was the atomic bomb tested |
alamogordo, new mexico |
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which president decided to drop the bomb |
truman |
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what was the name of the plane that dropped the bomb |
enola gay |
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what two cities were the bombs dropped on |
hiroshima & nagasaki |
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what does aug.15 symbolize |
v-j day (victory in japan) |
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what happened to germany after the war |
split up |
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what became of china after the war |
resumed its communist revolution |
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what happened with japan after the war |
controlled by US; only allowed limited armed forces |
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who were the the big three who outlined plans for post-war |
FDR, Churchill, and Tojo |
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who were the two major super powers after the war |
US and the Soviet Union |
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how many jews died during the holocaust |
6-8 million |
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why jews |
history allowed for it; for centuries anti-seminism was common |
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what types of people didn’t meet the standard that were sent to concentration camps |
jews, jehovah’s witness, disabled people, homosexuals, political prisoners, criminals, gypsies, physically, and mentally disabled |
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how were they treated at these camps |
harshly and brutally; received barely any food and shelter was limited |
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who created the war refugee board |
FDR |
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what soldiers liberated the camps |
american |
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what did they find |
many jews were killed minutes before they arrived |
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version of authoritarian control that is willingly accepted by a group of people |
totalitarianism |
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after the death of Lenin, he becomes the Soviet Premier during the 1930s; doesn’t take part in Treaty of Versailles; suspicious of western democracies; uses propaganda to pass his 5 year plan of economic reform; eliminates his enemies during the purges of the 1930s |
josef stalin |
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becomes leader in 1922; stresses nationalism, increase military and new sense of imperialism; italy becomes a fascist state |
benito mussolini |
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hatred toward jews |
anti-seminism |
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give them what they want and they won’t want more |
appeasement |
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(germany, italy, japan) each nation had their own plans and goals; lacked any real unified strategy |
axis powers |
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unified plan; worked together; saw germany as the bigger long term threat |
allies |
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US lent war materials to cash-strapped great britain |
lend lease act |
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dropping as many bombs as possible |
saturation bombing |
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bombing specific targets (factories, military locations) |
strategic bombing |
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created war zones where anyone could be removed |
executive order 9066 |
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in december of 1944 the germans mount a counter attack that has some early success but ultimately fails |
battle of the bulge |
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developed the atomic bomb; cost billions of dollars to empty 10’s of 1,000s of people- including famous scientists, albert einstein and j. robert oppenheimer |
manhattan project |
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famous scientist to help assist w/ the manhattan project |
robert oppenheimer |
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6-8 million jews killed; 5 million others who didn’t meet Aryan Ideals |
holocaust |
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passed in 1935; official segregation and limitation of jews |
nuremberg laws |
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the higher ups of the nazi party were tried and many sentenced to death |
nuremberg trials |
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largest land-sea operation in military history ( june 6th 1944) |
d-day |
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germany and italy declare war on the US |
tripartite pact |
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there could be no discrimination in any factory receiving federal funding |
executive order 8802 |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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commanded a fake army; regarded as one of the most successful US field commanders in any war |
george patton |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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commanded a fake army; regarded as one of the most successful US field commanders in any war |
george patton |
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group of african american military pilots who fought in ww2 |
tuskegee airmen |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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commanded a fake army; regarded as one of the most successful US field commanders in any war |
george patton |
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group of african american military pilots who fought in ww2 |
tuskegee airmen |
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naval battle in the pacific theater of ww2 that took place btw 4&7 june 1942 |
battle of midway |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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commanded a fake army; regarded as one of the most successful US field commanders in any war |
george patton |
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group of african american military pilots who fought in ww2 |
tuskegee airmen |
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naval battle in the pacific theater of ww2 that took place btw 4&7 june 1942 |
battle of midway |
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allow each to have only a fixed amount of a particular commodity |
rationing |
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an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory |
blitzkreig |
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33rd president of the US after FDR died; implement the marshall plan to rebuild the economy of western europe and established the truman doctrine and NATO |
harry truman |
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prime minister of the UK from 1940 to 1945, when he led Britain to victory in WW2 |
winston churchill |
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general of the imperial japanese army who served as prime minister of japan and president of the imperial rule assistance association for the majority of WW2 |
hideki tojo |
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naval base in honolulu, HI; bombed by japanese on dec 7 1941 |
pearl harbor |
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american 5 star general and field marshall of the philippine army; he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the pacific theater during ww2 |
Douglas MacArthur |
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34th president of the US; during WW2 he was a 5 star general in the army and served as supreme commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe; responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of normandy in 1944-45 from the western front |
dwight eisenhower |
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commanded a fake army; regarded as one of the most successful US field commanders in any war |
george patton |
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group of african american military pilots who fought in ww2 |
tuskegee airmen |
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naval battle in the pacific theater of ww2 that took place btw 4&7 june 1942 |
battle of midway |
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allow each to have only a fixed amount of a particular commodity |
rationing |
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the killing of large groups of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation |
genocide |
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organization responsible for maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, achieving international cooperation, and being a center for harmonizing the actions of nations |
united nations |
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organization responsible for maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, achieving international cooperation, and being a center for harmonizing the actions of nations |
united nations |
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rules that apply in time of armed conflict and seek to protect people who are not or no longer taking part in hostilities |
geneva convention |
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agreement btw Britain and germany in 1938, under which germany was allowed to extend its territory into parts of czechoslovakia |
munich pact |
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60-70 mile march in the Philippines done by over 60,000 american and filipino prisoners of war |
bataan death march |
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the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons |
internment |
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the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons |
internment |
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a place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners of war or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a small area with inadequate facilities to await mass extinction |
concentration camp |
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the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons |
internment |
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a place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners of war or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a small area with inadequate facilities to await mass extinction |
concentration camp |
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held feb 4-11, 1945; was the ww2 meeting of the headed of gov of the US, the UK, and the soviet union to discuss the postwar reorganization of germany and europe |
yalta conference |
