U.s. History Unit 8

Front 1

The Soviet Union and the U.S. began a ________ which would last for nearly 50 years.

Back 1

Cold War

Front 2

A symbolic __________ separated Western nations from those of the Soviet controlled nations.

Back 2

iron curtain

Front 3

Many of the Eastern European nations became _________ of the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Back 3

satellites

Front 4

The U.S. practiced ________ to try and stop the spread of communism.

Back 4

containment

Front 5

A _________ is someone who flees to a foreign country.

Back 5

refugee

Front 6

What was the Cold War?

Back 6

The increasing tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

Front 7

What was the main goal of the United Nations?

Back 7

To promote peace among nations.

Front 8

In what ways did the Marshall Plan encourage European recovery?

Back 8

By giving/lending $13 billion to 17 countries so they could restore their economy.

Front 9

How did NATO and the Warsaw Pact divide Europe?

Back 9

By creating alliances with European countries.

Front 10

What changes occurred in Asia after WWII?

Back 10

Japan was occupied by the U.S. military until 1952, and India and Pakistan gained independence in 1947.

Front 11

What changes occurred in the Middle East after WWII?

Back 11

The U.N. divided Palestine into 2 states, war broke out, Gamal Abdel Nasser seized control of the Suez Canal, and a U.N. resolution and Soviet pressure helped end conflict.

Front 12

TRUE/FALSE: As part of the Yalta agreement, all of Germany was given to the Soviet Union.

Back 12

false; western Germany was given

Front 13

TRUE/FALSE: The iron curtain separated Soviet-controlled nations from the rest of Europe.

Back 13

true

Front 14

TRUE/FALSE: The alliance known as NATO included the U.S., Canada, and the countries of Asia.

Back 14

false; u.s., Canada, and 10 Western European countries

Front 15

TRUE/FALSE: In response to NATO, the Soviet Union organized a military alliance with its Eastern European satellites known as the Warsaw Pact.

Back 15

true

Front 16

TRUE/FALSE: After the Communist takeover in China, the Nationalists fled to the Philippine Islands, where they formed their own government.

Back 16

false; they fled to Taiwan and formed their own government there

Front 17

TRUE/FALSE: Many Jewish survivors of the Holocaust moved to Palestine after WWII.

Back 17

true

Front 18

The Soviet Union and the U.S. were ___________, the most powerful nations in the world.

Back 18

superpowers

Front 19

A ______________ was created at the 38th parallel once the Korean War was over.

Back 19

demilitarized zone

Front 20

_________ is when someone lies under oath.

Back 20

perjury

Front 21

During the 1950s, ____________ spread rapidly throughout the U.S. when innocent people were accused of being communists.

Back 21

McCarthyism

Front 22

Who were the candidates for President in 1948?

Back 22

Harry Truman, Thomas E. Dewey, Strom Thurmond, and Henry A. Wallace

Front 23

Why did pollsters expect President Truman to lose the election in 1948?

Back 23

Because Democratic loyalties were divided.

Front 24

How did the Korean War end?

Back 24

North and South Korea signed an armistice.

Front 25

Why did President Truman oppose an attack on China?

Back 25

Because he feared that it's bring the Soviet Union into the war, leading to a larger war with atomic weapons.

Front 26

What events in the early 1950s showed Americans' concern about communism influence in the U.S.?

Back 26

Communist spies, building atomic weapons, and passing top-secret material to Soviet agents.

Front 27

Harry Truman

Back 27

won re-election in the presidential election of 1948

Front 28

Thomas Dewey

Back 28

reported winner of the 1948 presidential election, but actually lost in a close race

Front 29

Strom Thurmond

Back 29

Conservative Democrat nominee for president in 1948

Front 30

38th Parallel

Back 30

line of latitude that effectively separated North and South Korea

Front 31

Douglas MacArthur

Back 31

General and leader of American forces in Korea, fired by President Truman

Front 32

Julius Rosenberg

Back 32

one of the husband and wife spy team convicted of selling atomic secrets to the Soviets

Front 33

Joseph

Back 33

State Department worker charged with passing top-secret material to Soviet agents

Front 34

Joseph McCarthy

Back 34

republican senator who accused citizens and prominent Americans of being communist

Front 35

The __________ was a competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union to develop space technology.

Back 35

space race

Front 36

Meetings between important heads of state are called ______________.

Back 36

summit meetings

Front 37

Why did Americans vote overwhelmingly for Eisenhower?

Back 37

Because he represented firmness, friendliness, and honestly.

Front 38

What were some achievements of the Eisenhower administration?

Back 38

Creating the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, NASA, and the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956.

Front 39

What were two important events in the fight for civil rights?

Back 39

The Supreme Court ruling that schools should start to desegregate and Eisenhower enforcing desegregation.

Front 40

What did the Supreme Court rule in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?

Back 40

They ruled that segregation on Alabama buses was unconstitutional.

Front 41

What was the arms race?

Back 41

It was Americans and Soviets building more and powerful weapons.

Front 42

In what ways did the Cold War intensify during Eisenhower's administration?

Back 42

By continuing communism.

Front 43

Many families moved to ________ during the 1950s.

Back 43

suburbs

Front 44

The large increase in population in the U.S. between 1946 and 1964 was known as the ___________.

Back 44

baby boom

Front 45

The __________ is the difference between teens and their parents.

Back 45

generation gap

Front 46

How did many Americans change their was of living in the 1950s?

Back 46

By starting families and moving to suburbs.

Front 47

Why did many Americans move to the suburbs in the 1950s?

Back 47

Because people wanted to own their own homes.

Front 48

What is one way television influenced Americans?

Back 48

By showing the "ideal" American life.

Front 49

What contribution did Jackie Robinson make toward equality in the U.S.?

Back 49

He was signed into the Brooklyn Dodgers, won racially diverse fans, and was named Rookie of the Year in his first season of baseball.

Front 50

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Back 50

won the 1952 presidency by a landslide

Front 51

Adlai Stevenson

Back 51

governor of Illinois who lost the 1952 presidential election

Front 52

Linda Brown

Back 52

elementary student who sparked the Brown v. Board of Education court case

Front 53

Thurgood Marshall

Back 53

represented the Brown family before the Supreme Court

Front 54

Rosa Parks

Back 54

arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white man

Front 55

Nikita Khrushchev

Back 55

leader of the Soviet Union during the U-2 spy plane incident

Front 56

Gary Powers

Back 56

U.S. pilot shot down over the Soviet Union while photographing military bases

Front 57

Levittown

Back 57

name of the first planned community located in New York

Front 58

Sidney Poitier

Back 58

the first African American actor to win the Best Actor award

Front 59

An _________ person is someone who's forced to live away from his or her home country.

Back 59

exile

Front 60

In ____________ small bands of fighters will make surprise attacks.

Back 60

guerrilla war

Front 61

The U.S. _____________ Cuba until the Soviet Union removed their missiles from the island.

Back 61

quarantined

Front 62

How did televised debates affect the presidential election of 1960?

Back 62

By how candidates looked and acted.

Front 63

How did the 1960 election differ from earlier elections?

Back 63

Because of televised debates.

Front 64

Why did the Soviet Union order the building of the Berlin Wall?

Back 64

Because they wanted people to stop escaping from Germany.

Front 65

Where did the U.S. confront communism?

Back 65

Vietnam

Front 66

What discovery set off the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962?

Back 66

Learning that the Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles.

Front 67

What did Khrushchev and Kennedy agree to do to settle the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Back 67

To ban above ground and underwater testing of nuclear weapons.

Front 68

Dean Rusk

Back 68

Secretary of State during the Cuban Missile Crisis

Front 69

East Berlin

Back 69

capital of East Germany, site of the building of the Berlin Wall

Front 70

Bay of Pigs

Back 70

site of a failed U.S. invasion which attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro

Front 71

Richard Nixon

Back 71

Republican who lost the 1960 presidential election

Front 72

John F. Kennedy

Back 72

Democrat who won the 1960 presidential election

Front 73

Kennedy's plan for his administration was called the ____________.

Back 73

New Fronteir

Front 74

The ___________ was designed to send volunteers to poor areas and improve living conditions.

Back 74

Peace Corps

Front 75

How did the Supreme Court expand the rights of individuals?

Back 75

By saying that school officials can't force a person to pray, a person accused of serious crimes could have a lawyer, and that election districts must have almost equal populations so that each person's vote would have equal importance.

Front 76

What was the effect of the Peace Corps?

Back 76

They helped improve countries' living conditions, fought the spread of communism, and helped the foreign relations of the U.S.

Front 77

How did competition with the Soviet Union affect the U.S. space program?

Back 77

By giving them the desire to put a man on the moon.

Front 78

What was President Kennedy's goal in funding the space program?

Back 78

To put an American on the moon.

Front 79

Protests called _________ were a non-violent movement used by African Americans to fight segregation.

Back 79

sit-ins

Front 80

________________ were used by African Americans to fight segregation on the bus systems.

Back 80

Freedom Rides

Front 81

Martin Luther King, Jr. wanted to _________ all areas of a person's life.

Back 81

integrate

Front 82

What are some methods that civil rights protesters used to battle segregation?

Back 82

Sit-ins and Freedom Rides.

Front 83

What was the goal of sit-ins and Freedom Rides?

Back 83

To end segregation.

Front 84

How did television affect civil rights protests in Birmingham and other cities?

Back 84

It showed that the police were cruel to blacks and it made Americans angry.

Front 85

What event did the march on Washington celebrate?

Back 85

The 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation.

Front 86

How did Kennedy's assassination affect the country?

Back 86

By bringing the country to a standstill?

Front 87

What did the Warren Commission determine?

Back 87

That Oswald acted alone in killing Kennedy.

Front 88

John F. Kennedy

Back 88

his administration ushered in the "New Fronteir", was assassinated in November, 1963

Front 89

Yuri Gagaria

Back 89

a soviet cosmonaut, first man in space

Front 90

John Glenn

Back 90

first American to be sent to space

Front 91

Robert Kennedy

Back 91

attorney general during the Kennedy Administration, sent federal marshals to protect the Freedom Riders

Front 92

James Meridith

Back 92

African American who successfully enrolled at the University of Mississippi

Front 93

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Back 93

southern minister who helped to lead the protests and desegregation movement

Front 94

Birmingham, Alabama

Back 94

ground zero for many protests and marches in favor of desegregation

Front 95

Lyndon B. Johnson

Back 95

assumed the presidency after the assassination of Kennedy

Front 96

Lee Harvey Oswald

Back 96

determined to be the lone assassin of Kennedy

Front 97

Jack Ruby

Back 97

Dallas businessman who killed Oswald

Front 98

Earl Warren

Back 98

the Chief Justice appointed to a commission to determine if Oswald acted alone or with others to assassinate the president

Front 99

TRUE/FALSE: The 1956 presidential election was the first to televise the debates.

Back 99

false