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52 Cards in this Set
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Massachusetts constitutional convention |
Massachusetts creates first convention process for creating a constitution first state to provide fromework for other states to follow and create their gov Voters send reps to represent interest of the people Must be approved by Legislative Branch, then signed by Executive Branch All 13 states adopt this system |
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Articles of convederation |
There is a loose idea of a national government under the Articles of Confederation. This agreement is very weak and is not fully accepted by the states until the large states agree to relinquish their western land claims to the Congress. Part of the confederacy Group of individuals/states/countries Works toward central goal with no authority Grants the right to levy tariffs Congress cannot force states to pay internal taxes/provide funds
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3 Committees |
War Diplomacy Finance |
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Newburgh Conspiracy |
A threatened uprising in the continental army March 1783 Letter circulated suggested army soldiers to rebel because they did not like their pay George Washington prevents uprising |
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Ordinance of 1784 |
Land in the recently created USA west of Appalachian mountains, north of ohio river, and east of mississippi river to be divided into different states Once you acquire enough population as the smalled state, you can apply to be a state |
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Land ordinance of 1785 |
under Articles of confederation, congress did not have the power to raise revenue by the direct taxation of the inhabitants of the united states frame work of organizing territories township divided into 630 acres then divided into 36 sections sold for $1 per acre Sets basic gov by congress |
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Northwest Ordinance 1787 |
Written by Thomas Jefferson Once Territory reaches 60000 people, you can establish government and apply for statehood no slavery |
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Shay's Rebellion |
Massachusetts farmers march on spring field armory Series of protest by american farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and debt Calls for convention because it scares people |
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Constitutional Convention |
1787 Meetings held in private Elected president of Convention: George Washington |
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James Madison |
Primary author of constitution Architect of the constitution |
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Virginia Plan(Large state plan) |
Bicamural legislature - upper house chosen by lower house plan drafted by james madison Legislative Executive Judicial |
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New Jersey Plan(small state plan) |
William Patterson Unicameral legislature Voting done by states |
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Connecticut Plan(Connecticut compromise) |
Roger Sherman Integrates small and large state plans Bicameral legislature Lower house(based on population size) Upper house(equal representatives from states) |
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3/5ths Compromise |
Every 5 slaves, 3 will be counted for tax and rep purposes |
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Balance of Power |
Balance of power between large and small states Done by states not population Presidential Nomination |
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Impeachment |
Bringing of charges Done by House Senate holds trial (Bill Clinton and Andrew Johnson) |
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Executive Branch |
President Chief enforcer of law Article 2 defines in constitution, what it is and how it should be ran |
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Legislative Brance |
Making sure there is a balance of power Article 1 defines in constitution
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Judicial Branches |
Interpretation of law Supreme court and district court
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Ratification Process |
Starts in house of rep(legislative)
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Federalist |
Pro constitution Leader during or after revolution James Madison, Alexander Hamilton,
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Anti-Federalist |
Anti constitution Leader before revolution(generally) John Hancock, Patrick Henry Virginia
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The Federalist |
85 essays Arguing for constitution Bring state number (Pro-constitution 8(from 4) James Madison, Alexander Hamilton |
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Bill of Rights |
first 10(ammendments) rights and freedoms |
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Main Idea 1 |
After the Treaty of Paris of 1783, there are 13 independent states loosely working together as "The United States". These states go through the constitution making process beginning in 1770's
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George Washington |
First president |
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John Adams |
First vice president second president |
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John Jay |
First chief justice of supreme court |
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Cabinet |
Heads of Departments Reports directly to president |
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Frederick Muhlenberg |
First speaker of the house of representatives |
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Edmund Randolph |
First General Attorny First legal mind in america |
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Thomas Jefferson |
First Secretary of State |
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Alexander Hamilton |
First secretary of treasury |
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Henry Knox |
First secretary of war |
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Hamilton's Reports on Finances |
Balanced economy Makes america completely independent of importing goods Believes in strong central gov, Strong military Agriculture and manufacturing
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Jeffersons Beliefs |
America should be primarily agrarian Not too much manufacturing Strict instructions when it comes to constitution |
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Democratic Republican |
Strong State Gov. led by "Common Man" Emphasis on Agriculture Strict interpretation of the constitution Opposed to National Bank Opposed protective tariffs |
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Federalist Party |
Strong central Gov. Emphasis on Manufacturing Loose interpretation of Constitution Favors national bank Favors protective tariffs
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National Bank(Bank of US) |
1792 Only lasts 20 years Jefferson says it isn't layed out in constitution, therefor not consitutional |
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French Revolution |
Undeclared naval war 1797 Us navy 6 Frigates
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Whiskey Rebellion |
Rebellion in western Pennsylvania Washington accompanies military to march and subdue rebellion and enforce tax collection (13,000 men) Hamilton accompanies Washington as executive officer dressed in uniform Rebellion subdued, all who partook are presidentially pardoned |
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Jay's Treaty |
Signed between the US and Great Brittian |
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Election of 1796 |
First Partisan Presidential Election Thomas jefferson(68) John Adams (71) North and South on ticket |
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Aaron Burr |
Vice president with Thomas Jefferson Definition corrupt politician
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Undeclared Naval War |
1797 |
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frigates |
War ships |
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Alien and sedition acts |
several bills passed by the federalist in congress |
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Jays Treaty |
is seen by france as the beginning of an alliance with great britain and authorizes its navy to attack american ships but doesn't take the step of declaring war |
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions |
Affirmed states rights in responce to the alien and sedition acts |
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Compact Theory |
related to federal constitution |
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Election of 1800 |
Between Adams and Jefferson the results are contested and Aaron Burr, the VP candidate was almost elected president |
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Republican Revolutions |
Changed parties from Federalist to Republican |
